12- Food Legume and Forage Crop Disease:

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=100 BGCOLOR="#CCCCFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="06200640egdysm.jpg"> <div> <B>|     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="_"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id74.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="1 Mycology Research:"><U>1- Mycology Research:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id75.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="2 Virology and Mycoplasma:"><U>2- Virology and Mycoplasma:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id76.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="3 Nematology Research:"><U>3- Nematology Research:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id77.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="4 Bacteriology Research:"><U>4- Bacteriology Research:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id79.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="5Post Harvest Disease:"><U>5-Post Harvest Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id116.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="6 Integrated Control Research:"><U>6- Integrated Control Research:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id83.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="7 Seed Pathology:"><U>7- Seed Pathology:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id85.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="8 Cereal Disease:"><U>8- Cereal Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id88.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="9 Rice Disease:"><U>9- Rice Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id90.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="10 Cotton and Fiber Crop Disease:"><U>10- Cotton and Fiber Crop Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id92.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="11 Maize and Sugar Crop Disease:"><U>11- Maize and Sugar Crop Disease:</U></A>   |   <B>12- Food Legume and Forage Crop Disease:</B>   |   <A HREF="id96.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="13 Onion, Garlic and Oil Crop Disease:"><U>13- Onion, Garlic and Oil Crop Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id98.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="14 Fruit Disease:"><U>14- Fruit Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id100.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="15 Vegetable Disease:"><U>15- Vegetable Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id101.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="16 Ornamental Plant Disease:"><U>16- Ornamental Plant Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id119.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="1 Information and Computer Center:"><U>1- Information and Computer Center:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id105.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="2 Fingerprinting Lab.:"><U>2- Fingerprinting  Lab.:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id107.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="3 Central Lab.:"><U>3- Central Lab.:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id109.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="4 Disease Forecast Unit:"><U>4- Disease Forecast Unit:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id121.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="5 Cell Manipulation Lab.:"><U>5- Cell Manipulation Lab.:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id123.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="6 Colonal Lab.:"><U>6- Colonal Lab.:</U></A></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=200 BGCOLOR="#0000BF" TEXT="#F7F7FF"> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=380 BGCOLOR="#CCFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <I><B>12- Food Legume and Forage Crop Disease:</B></I></div> <div> <B>      A- </B><A HREF="id93.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="12 Food Legume and Forage Crop Disease"><U><B>Section Staff</B></U></A><B>:</B></div> <div> <B>- Number of section staff is </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#003300" FACE="Arial" ><B>35</B></FONT><B> members.</B></div> <div> <B>      B- Activities:</B></div> <div> <B>- Participating in breeding programs to develop resistance legume cultivars by conducting pathological tests and searching for sources of resistance.</B></div> <div> <B>- Surveying and identifying significant diseases attacking legume crops. </B></div> <div> <B>- Developing effective methods for disease control on faba bean, lentil, chickpea, soybean, clover, alfalfa and other legume forage crops.</B></div> <div> <B>C- Achievement:</B></div> <div> <B>Chocolate spot and rust on faba bean have been detected by annual plant disease surveys. Losses amounted to 15 to 20% according to environmental conditions. Programs in cooperation with the Legume Crop Diseases Research Section to develop resistant cultivars are ongoing. Chemical treatments to control chocolate spot and rust have resulted in 10% increases in seed yield.</B></div> <div> <B>Downy mildew of lentil, recently an epidemic of the Delta, has been controlled by a systemic fungicide, reducing disease by 5%.</B></div> <div> <B>In soybean, many diseases have been recorded, including frogeye, leaf spot, seed purple stain, stem cankers, seed downy mildew, root rot and anthracnose. Methods of control have included systemic fungicides, seed disinfection, breeding for resistance, and radiation treatments. Research continues to develop an integrated disease management program.</B></div> <div> <B>Ascochyta blight of chickpea first appeared in the early 1980</B><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#990066" FACE="Arial" ><B>s </B></FONT><B>with the use of sprinklers and later for surface irrigation. This problem has been controlled by the use of disease free seed and systemic fungicides applied as seed treatments. Stem rot, wilt, root rot and blight are also problems that have been controlled systemic fungicides and seed treatments which have reduced disease significantly and increased yields by 10%.</B></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id94_m.htm" TITLE="12 Food Legume and Forage Crop Disease:"><U><B><IMG SRC="1d35a280.gif" border=0 width="90" height="40" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="_"><U><B><IMG SRC="1ae1e1e0.gif" border=0 width="30" height="30" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <div> <B> </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial Black" ><B>Back</B></FONT><B> </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial Black" ><B>To</B></FONT><B> Home</B></div> </td> </tr></table></body>