2- Virology and Mycoplasma:

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=100 BGCOLOR="#CCCCFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="06200640egdysm.jpg"> <div> <B>|  </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="_"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id74.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="1 Mycology Research:"><U>1- Mycology Research:</U></A>   |   <B>2- Virology and Mycoplasma:</B>   |   <A HREF="id76.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="3 Nematology Research:"><U>3- Nematology Research:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id77.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="4 Bacteriology Research:"><U>4- Bacteriology Research:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id79.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="5Post Harvest Disease:"><U>5-Post Harvest Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id116.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="6 Integrated Control Research:"><U>6- Integrated Control Research:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id83.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="7 Seed Pathology:"><U>7- Seed Pathology:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id85.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="8 Cereal Disease:"><U>8- Cereal Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id88.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="9 Rice Disease:"><U>9- Rice Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id90.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="10 Cotton and Fiber Crop Disease:"><U>10- Cotton and Fiber Crop Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id92.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="11 Maize and Sugar Crop Disease:"><U>11- Maize and Sugar Crop Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id94.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="12 Food Legume and Forage Crop Disease:"><U>12- Food Legume and Forage Crop Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id96.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="13 Onion, Garlic and Oil Crop Disease:"><U>13- Onion, Garlic and Oil Crop Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id98.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="14 Fruit Disease:"><U>14- Fruit Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id100.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="15 Vegetable Disease:"><U>15- Vegetable Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id101.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="16 Ornamental Plant Disease:"><U>16- Ornamental Plant Disease:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id119.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="1 Information and Computer Center:"><U>1- Information and Computer Center:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id105.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="2 Fingerprinting Lab.:"><U>2- Fingerprinting  Lab.:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id107.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="3 Central Lab.:"><U>3- Central Lab.:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id109.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="4 Disease Forecast Unit:"><U>4- Disease Forecast Unit:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id121.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="5 Cell Manipulation Lab.:"><U>5- Cell Manipulation Lab.:</U></A>   |   <A HREF="id123.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="6 Colonal Lab.:"><U>6- Colonal Lab.:</U></A></div> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=200 BGCOLOR="#0000BF" TEXT="#F7F7FF"> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=380 BGCOLOR="#CCFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <I><B>2- Virology and Mycoplasma:</B></I></div> <div> <B>     A- </B><A HREF="id70.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="2 Virology and Mycoplasma:"><U><B>Section Staff</B></U></A><B>:</B></div> <div> <B>- Number of section staff is </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>38</B></FONT><B> members.</B></div> <div> <B>      B- Activities:</B></div> <div> <B>- Surveying and detecting diseases attacking economically important crops.</B></div> <div> <B>- Producing virus free plant material.</B></div> <div> <B>- Identifying diseases to support potato seed production program.</B></div> <div> <B>- Developing new techniques for rapid detection of viruses using the most up-to-date technology.</B></div> <div> <B>- Studying the epidemiology of economically important viruses and applying lntegrated Pest Management (IPM) for their control.</B></div> <div> <B>C- Achievement:</B></div> <div> <B>The success of detecting viral diseases in Egyptian crops has improved by introducing the advanced technique of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). This technique which relies on protein coat recognition, is very specific and has been used to detect Barley Dwarf Virus (BYDV) on wheat and barley and also to identify Faba Bean Necrotic Yellow Virus (FB NYV). An extensive survey for BYDV was conducted in each governorate to indicate the infection percentage and the disease spread. In 1993, out of 243 faba bean plants in the Delta tested for five viruses, 106 were found to be positive. In Middle Egypt, 703were found to be positive out of 960 tested, and in Fayoum, 186 positive cases were recorded in the 211 plants assayed. During the 1992 and 1993 seasons, faba bean production suffered great losses in three governortes. The use of the ELISA technique and other rapid detection techniques, including Octerlony double diffusion, make it possible to rapidly detect viruses in decline complexes responsible for large crop losses. Detection techniques are also used to screen for virus infection in seed material, helping reduce infected seed disseminated to growers. Other techniques used for rapid detection include antibody diffusion and electrophoresis. </B></div> <div> <B> In 1992, a molecular genetic unit was established to detect Gemini viruses such as Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique and DNA hybridization. Considerable achievements have occurred rapidly in this area.</B></div> <div> <B>The citrus virus survey has resulted in the elimination of the source of infection and subsequent prevention of introducing Tresteza (citrus virus) and greening disease to Egypt. Plum Pox virus has been identified in apricot in Egypt and work continues to eliminate the disease through the selection of virus free mother plants.</B></div> <div> <B>Tissue culture techniques, in combination with the ELISA method of virus detection, are used to produce healthy propagative material from strawberry, potato and banana.</B></div> <div> <A HREF="id75_m.htm" TITLE="2 Virology and Mycoplasma:"><U><B><IMG SRC="0fd4d320.gif" border=0 width="77" height="50" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="_"><U><B><IMG SRC="1ae1e1e0.gif" border=0 width="30" height="30" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></U></A></div> <div> <B> </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0033" FACE="Arial Black" ><B>Back</B></FONT><B> </B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial Black" ><B>To</B></FONT><B> Home</B></div> </td> </tr></table></body>