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adckwct prcnxnsEAScn gIdz for ENgliS ~ addaquat pronunncieishan gaidz for English Adequate pronunciation guides for English must recognize at least 36 uncombined phonemes [14 v-22 c]. The issue is how to best represent these 36 sound segments: [1] what is the best letter choice for a phonogram and [2] what sounds, if any, can be merged or combined. Writing systems do not have to be pronunciation guides. The traditional one certainly isn't. For those who know the language, a much abbreviated code could be used. The common practice is to reduce the number of vowels by four. Perhaps the reduction can be double this. Most systems do not try to abbreviate the consonants. However, if abbreviation is the goal, consonant reduction should also be considered. This page does not explore the possibilities of abbreviated writing systems for native speakers. The focus is on the minimum phoneme set required for a description of English speech. The orthographic challenge is to build a system that can be used by a non-speaker to code the language which can then be used by another non-speaker to transcribe and read aloud [comprehension not required]. The goal is a writing system or graphical transcription system that can be coded with letters, decoded into speech, and understood by a native speaker with 95% accuracy. The chart below shows the 14 pure vowels in yellow nad the 22 pure consonants in teal and green. There are three consonants that do not have a symbol [dh/th] [zh] and [ng] and two that are not pure consonants that do [j] and [ch].
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Three step process: 1. encode speech, 2, decode and pronounce, 3. interpret the acoustic productions. Native speakers using a traditional writing system can easily do this with 95% accuracy. The challenge is to do it with non-native speakers at stages 1 and 2. One of the first steps to be established would be a base line. This could be done with highly phonemic writing systems such as Spanish. Two students would learn the sound-symbol correspondences. The first would listent to a native speaker read a short paragraph. This could be done slowly and each word could be pronounced twice. This transcription would be handed to a second student who would try to convert the letter sequences into speech. The speech would be recorded by another literate native speaker. The starting paragraph and the two transcriptions would be compared and the errors at each stage recorded. The hypothesis: 95% of the text would remain intact. This is a version of the gossip game where
a story is whispered into one person's ear who in turn whispers it to someone
else. At the end of the chain, the original story is compared to
the ending story to see to what extent it has been simplified, embellished
and changed.
The list of phonemes
The typography for IPA was refined once by Goody's for the SSA font. The new design was quite successful from an aesthetic standpoint but never caught on. Dewey [1971] used this font in his books on spelling frequency. The traditional IPA turned
characters are now included in unicode but it remains a rather ugly typeface.
The symbols never became part of Latin-1 so it remains a difficult system
to type unless the receiving party has the SIL or UNICODE IPA font installed.
There is still a problem with the location of the keys associated with
the special characters.
1.
ugly looking combination of special characters and rotated characters which
Is there an IPA equivalent
with a more appealing appearance on the page, which is easier to read and
to type? Could such a code be developed? Goody's SSA typeface
showed that the aesthetics could be improved. The new face, however,
was no easier to type and probably only slightly easier to read than IPA.
It takes some time to unpack this info-graphic. When done, one has a mnemonic for thie entire Saxon Spanglish system. It will allow a person to spell any word in English with almost 100% predictability. If you can pronounce it you can spell it in any phonemic system with one and only one symbol for each important sound. The result rarely looks much like English. A consistent system will respell 60% of the words in the language. If one wants both standardized spelling and pronunciation guide spelling, a decision has to be made regarding the dialect that will be sound spelled. Different pronunciations result in different spellings. Does everyone agree that these are the 14 pure vowels. This does not mean that your orthography cannot merge some of them. This is just a question about understanding and recognition. For american speakers, the short o is a redundnat phoneme. bottle is pronounced baatl. This can be confirmed at the M-Webster website where bottle is written ba:t&l The typical mergers are ^ and @ - the stressed
and unstressed versoion of the same sound. ^ is slightly more rounded
that the schwa. In some systems murder is written murdur or mrdr,
merging 3r and @r. These simplifications are OK in an informal writing
system but they eliminate phonemes that carry a low semantic load.
  
Key Truespel Unifon Uni2
Spanglish Ian m-w
ChK
A British pronunciation dictionary will not be identical to one for General American The main differences will be [rhotic/non-rhotic], [short o], and the distribution of [aa]. I rather also like the Q for awe. o = the British short o thA bOth tvk c both
Hi taot the tott and the boy. Spanglish
Positional Cues: E is a schwa before or after an R and at the
end of a syllable.
ear cuts vs. eye
cuts
How do yu pronounce: ta te ti to tu? How do you pronounce at et it ot ut How do you pronounce ata eta ita ota uta agr egr igr ogr ugr move to sounds of letters [letter
sounds]. [letter-names]
Homonym Defined Homophones are words of different meanings which are pronounced the
same,
Homographs are words of different meanings which are spelled the same,
So, for example: 'bear' and 'bare' are homophones but not homographs. 'lead' (the metal) and 'lead' (the verb, as in "Where will this lead
us?")
'bear' (the animal) and 'bear' (the verb, as in "I can't bear this")
are
In linguistics, when we use 'homonym' at all, we commonly use it as
a cover
But dictionaries do not always report linguistic usage, and it seems
clear
Ian wrote: May I return tu the four examples I gave ... and will now expand: NB: 'q' is redifined as TES 'ng' loqiq (longing) '3' is redefined as TES 'er' (fern) '2' is redefined as TES 'sh' fi2iq (fishing) WorldEnglish TES HAT ... ... .. hut Example: Samwan amaq as hcz sam mani tu bai sam hani. Someone among us has some money to buy some honey. HAAT .... ... heart
HCT ... ... .. hat
HEIT .... ..... hate
Pavle ... it is vital thct yuu andastcnd the abav points. Criteria
for an adeuqate system of graphic representation of the sounds of speech.
not
here
Links
foneme symbols 42span-chart-c.htmlae-digraph.htm 36 fonemes 36fonemes.htmlfoneemz36.html50snds.htmlalfa-writing-sys.html number-of-phonemes number-of-phonemes.htmlfoneemz44.htm fonetic-keyboardf fonetic-keyboard.htmlfoneme-symbols.html |
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21
vowels with 14 pure phonemes were isolated over 100 years ago. Bishop 
There
have been digraphic versions of IPA such as Spanglish. While there
is a phonemic version of Spanglish without the X, and C, these characters
are often needed to maintain "eye rhymes" with traditionally spelled words:
[catt
for kaet, faxx for faeks]. Spanglish
also includes the schwi [unstressed /i:/] which Jones considered to be
redundant. The chart on right shows 14 yellowish pure vowels the
same number as displayed in the ipa chart above. When the green and
blue cells are added, the number of vowels corresponds to ipa's 21 essential
vowels. The three green cells contain diphthongs. The four
blue cells contain R or schwa combinations.
The
table on the right shows the 14 pure vowels in yellow tinted cells and
the 22 pure consonants in the right half of the chart. The cells
coded in dark blue contain combined consonants. This minimum set of 36
phonemes is recognized by everyone. Different dialects of English will
disagree on how to apply this phoneme set. American's will tend to replace
the short o with aa as in bother /baather/. Australians will tend
to pronounce DAY as it is spelled while Americans will pronounce the word
/dei/.
^wcns cpon c tIm Dc bUtifcl dotcr cv c grEt mcjiScn wqntcd mor pcrlz tu
pvt cmcN hcr treZurz, ^"Luk thru Dc sentcr
cv Dc mun Wen it iz blu, "sed hcr mcDcr in anscr tu hcr kwesCcn, ^"U
mIt fInd ycr hqrtz dizIr. 
