The following chart lists all languages spoken by more than 1% of the population of each country. Percentages are of native speakers, not the total number of people who can speak the language. (Remember: people can have more than one native language. That's why the percentages often add up to over 100%).

Country Official Language(s) Native Name Other Languages Spoken
Brunei Malay
English
Brunei
Brunei
China Chinese (Mandarin dialect) (70%) Zhongguo Other dialects of Chinese: Wu (8%), Cantonese (Yue) (5%), Hunan (Xiang) (5%), Hakka (3%), Southern Min (3%), Gan (Jiangxi) (2%), Northern Min (1%); Other languages: Zhuang (including all dialects) (1%)
India Hindi (20%)
English (0%)
Bharat
India
Marathi (7%), Bengali (7%), Telugu (7%), Bihari (including all dialects) (6%), Tamil (6%), Urdu (dialect of Hindi) (5%), Gujarati (5%), Kannada (4%), Malayalam (4%), Oriya (3%), Panjabi (3%), Awadhi (2%), Assamese (2%), Chhattisgarhi (1%), Rajastani (1%), Haryani (dialect of Hindi) (1%), Deccan (1%)
Indonesia Indonesian (12%) Indonesia Javanese (42%), Sunda (14%), Madura (7%), Malay (5%), Minangkabau (3%), Batak (several dialects) (3%), Bali (2%), Aceh (2%), Betawi (1%), Banjar (1%), Bugis (1%), Sasak (1%)
Japan Japanese (99%) Nihon or Nippon
Kazakstan Khazakh (40%) Khazakh Russian (36%), German (6%), Ukrainian (5%), Uzbek (2%), Uighur (2%), Tatar (2%), Belorussian (1%)
Malaysia Malay (dialect of Indonesian) (47%) Malaysia Southern Min(11%), Tamil (6%), Hakka (5%), Cantonese (4%), Mandarin (2%), Javanese (2%)
Maldives Maldivian (99%) Divehira'je
Mongolia Mongolian (Khalkha dialect) (90%) Mongol Other dialects of Mongolian: Kalmyk-Oirat (8%), Buriat (3%); Other languages: Khazakh (4%), Tuvin (1%), Mandarin (1%)
North Korea Korean (99%) Choson
Papua New Guinea English (2%) Papua New Guinea Enga (4%), Medlpa (Hagen) (3%), Kuman (Chimbu) (2%), Wahgi (1%), Kuanua (Tolai) (1%), Sinasina (1%), Golin (1%), Tok Pisin (Pidgin English) (1%)
There are over 800 languages spoken here, though few are spoken by more than a few thousand people, and many are spoken by only a few hundred or less. The most important lingua franca in the country is Tok Pisin, a English pidgin, spoken by about 44% of the population
Philippines Tagalog (Pilipino) (24%) Pilipinas Cebuano (24%), Ilocano (11%), Hiligaynon (10%), Waray-Waray (Samaran) (5%), Pampangan (3%), Magindanaon (2%)
Russia Russian (85%) Rossija Tatar (4%), Chuvash (1%)
Singapore Malay
Chinese
Tamil
English
Singapura
Xinjiapo
Singappur
Singapore
South Korea Korean (99%) Tehan Minguk
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) Sinhalese (72%) Srilanka Tamil (27%)
Taiwan Chinese (Mandarin dialect) (20%) Taiwan Other dialects of Chinese: Southern Min (67%), Hakka (11%)


Wondering what languages the word "Asia" in written in at the top? From left to right:
English, Turkish (or Tagalog), Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi
Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Korean
Thai, Indonesian