Occlusion effect - improvement in bone conduction response in an ear covered by an earphone or earplug.  Caused by sound pressure generated in the enclosed auditory canal and transmitted through the middle ear. 

    20 dB at 250 Hz   

    15 dB at 500 Hz

     5 dB at 1000 Hz

 

At 500 Hz, for example, threshold could appear to be as much as 15 dB better than the real threshold when the ear is occluded.