English-Lojban dictionary


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w

wages x2 of jerna
wages 2. jerna: x2 of: x1 (agent/person) earns/[deserves/merits] |/salary/pay x2 for work/service x3 (activity) [also x2 reward (= zanseljerna or nemjerna), punishment/comeuppance (= sfaseljerna, malseljerna); x3 behavior; job (= terjerna); x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erjerna, po'erseljerna for unambiguous semantics)]
wagon carce: x1 is a cart/carriage/| [wheeled vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
wait x1 of denpa
wait 2. denpa (dep de'a): x1 a-|-s/|-s/pauses for/until x2 at state x3 before starting/continuing x4 (activity/process) [(x2 is an event, usually a point event); also: resuming x4]
waited for x2 of denpa
waiter x1 of denpa
waiting state x3 of denpa
waits denpa (dep de'a): x1 awaits/|/pauses for/until x2 at state x3 before starting/continuing x4 (activity/process) [(x2 is an event, usually a point event); also: resuming x4]
waldo xance (xan xa'e): x1 is a/the hand [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: manipulating tool, |] [(adjective:) x1 is manual]
walk x1 of cadzu
walk 2. cadzu (dzu): x1 |-s/strides/paces on surface x2 using limbs x3
walked on x2 of cadzu
walker x1 of cadzu
walking limb x3 of cadzu
walks cadzu (dzu): x1 |/strides/paces on surface x2 using limbs x3
wall (containing an opening) canko (ca'o): x1 is a window/portal/opening [portal] in |/building/structure x2
wall x1 of bitmu
wall 2. see also "pass through"
wall 3. structure with | x4 of bitmu
wall 4. bitmu (bim bi'u): x1 is a |/fence separating x2 and x3 (unordered) of/in structure x4
wall 5. sepli (sep sei): x1 is apart/separate from x2, separated by partition/|/gap/interval/separating medium x3 [also aloof (= jiksei), alone (= rolsmisei meaning apart or unlike all others of its kind; pavysei, seirpavmei meaning "only" or "one alone" - do not use when talking about, for example, two people who are alone); x3 space]
walled off another thing which is | x3 of bitmu
walled off 2. thing which is | x2 of bitmu
walls (part of the bounds of a room) kumfa (kum ku'a): x3 of: x1 is a room/chamber of/in structure x2 surrounded by partitions/|/ceiling/floor x3 (mass/jo'u)
wanted x2 of djica
wants (hungers for) xagji: x1 hungers for x2; x1 needs/| food/fuel x2
wants (needs) nitcu (tcu): x1 needs/requires/is dependent on/[|] necessity x2 for purpose/action/stage of process x3 [no implication of lack]
wants (thirsts for) taske: x1 thirsts for x2; x1 needs/| drink/fluid/lubrication x2
wants rest tatpi (ta'i): x1 is tired/fatigued by effort/situation x2 (event); x1 needs/|
wants djica (dji): x1 desires/|/wishes x2 (event/state) for purpose x3 [if desire is for an object, this is sumti-raising; use tu'a in x2 (or use lujvo = po'edji)]
war x1 of jamna
war 2. cause of | x3 of jamna
war 3. enemy in | x2 of jamna
war 4. opponent in | x2 of jamna
war 5. jamna (jam): x1 (person/mass) wars against x2 over territory/matter x3; x1 is at | with x2
ward x2 of kurji
ward 2. x2 of rirni
wards bandu (bad): x1 (event) defends/protects x2 (object/state) from threat/peril/potential x3 (event) [also secures (verb); x1 |/resists x3; protective cover/shield (= badgai)]
wares x2 of zarci
warm glare (gla): x1 is hot/[|] by standard x2 [| (= mligla), feverish (= bi'agla)]
warn x1 of kajde
warn 2. kajde (jde): x1 (event/experience) |-s/cautions x2 (person) of/about danger x3 (event/state/property) [agentive warning (= jdegau, jdezu'e); an attempt to | which may not succeed (= jdetoi, jdegautoi, jdezuktoi)]
warned of danger | x3 of kajde
warned x2 of kajde
warning kajde (jde): x1 (event/experience) warns/cautions x2 (person) of/about danger x3 (event/state/property) [agentive | (= jdegau, jdezu'e); an attempt to warn which may not succeed (= jdetoi, jdegautoi, jdezuktoi)]
warns kajde (jde): x1 (event/experience) |/cautions x2 (person) of/about danger x3 (event/state/property) [agentive warning (= jdegau, jdezu'e); an attempt to warn which may not succeed (= jdetoi, jdegautoi, jdezuktoi)]
warrior sonci (son soi): x1 is a soldier/|/fighter of army x2
wars jamna (jam): x1 (person/mass) | against x2 over territory/matter x3; x1 is at war with x2
wash x1 of lumci
wash 2. lumci (lum lu'i): x1 (agent) |-es/cleanses x2 of soil/contaminant x3 in/with cleaning material(s) x4 [agentless |-ing/cleansing (= cuvbi'o, jisybi'o)]
washed x2 of lumci
washes lumci (lum lu'i): x1 (agent) |/cleanses x2 of soil/contaminant x3 in/with cleaning material(s) x4 [agentless washing/cleansing (= cuvbi'o, jisybi'o)]
washing material x4 of lumci
washing removed by | x3 of lumci
washing 2. lumci (lum lu'i): x1 (agent) washes/cleanses x2 of soil/contaminant x3 in/with cleaning material(s) x4 [agentless |/cleansing (= cuvbi'o, jisybi'o)]
wasp bifce (bic): x1 is a bee/|/hornet of species/breed x2
waste (anus as metaphor for | exit) ganxo (gax): x1 is a/the anus/anal orifice/asshole/arsehole [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: exit, | exit] [also asshole/ass/arsehole; (adjective:) x1 is anal]
waste (excessively or wastefully consume) xaksu (xak): x1 (event) uses up/depletes/consumes/[wastes] x2 [resource] [| (= fesxaksu, dusxaksu)]
waste (excretion) vikmi (vim vi'i): x2 of: x1 [body] excretes | x2 from source x3 via means/route x4
waste (| products) festi (fes): x1(s) is/are | product(s) [left to |] by x2 (event/activity) [also shit, crap; agentive wasting (= fesygau, fesyzu'e)]
waste x1 of festi
waste 2. leave | x2 of festi
wastes (uses up) xaksu (xak): x1 (event) uses up/depletes/consumes/[|] x2 [resource] [waste (= fesxaksu, dusxaksu)]
wasting festi (fes): x1(s) is/are waste product(s) [left to waste] by x2 (event/activity) [also shit, crap; agentive | (= fesygau, fesyzu'e)]
watch (clock) junla (jul): x1 is clock/|/timer measuring time units x2 to precision x3 with timing mechanism/method x4 [also timepiece]
watch drama x4 of draci
watches (looks at) catlu (cta): x1 looks at/examines/views/inspects/regards/|/gazes at x2 [also look through (= grecta, ravycta, bacycta); note that English "look" often means a more generic "observe"]
watches (observes) zgana (zga): x1 observes/[notices]/|/beholds x2 using senses/means x3 under conditions x4 [beholds/|/gazes (= vi'azga); guard/watchman/sentinel (= zgaku'i, jdeku'i)]
watchman zgana (zga): x1 observes/[notices]/watches/beholds x2 using senses/means x3 under conditions x4 [behold/watch/gaze (= vi'azga); guard/|/sentinel (= zgaku'i, jdeku'i)]
water (aqueous) djacu (jac jau): x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity/expanse of |; (adjective:) x1 is aqueous/[aquatic] [aquatic (= jaupli)]
water (| containing shoal/reef) jmifa: x3 of: x1 is a shoal [shallow hazard]/reef of material x2 in body of | x3 [rapids (= ri'erjmifa, ri'ercaxno)]
water x1 of djacu
watershed (| of a river) rirxe (ri'e): x3 of: x1 is a river of landmass x2, draining | x3 into x4/terminating at x4
watershed x3 of rirxe
waterwheel falnu (fan): x1 is a sail for gathering propelling material x2 on vehicle/motor x3 [| (= jacfanxi'u)]
wave form x3 of boxna
wave frequency x5 of boxna
wave medium x2 of boxna
wave x1 of boxna
wave 2. see also "quantum"
wave 3. boxna (bon bo'a): x1 is a | [periodic pattern] in medium x2, |-form x3, |-length x4, frequency x5
wave-form boxna (bon bo'a): x1 is a wave [periodic pattern] in medium x2, | x3, wave-length x4, frequency x5
wavelength x4 of boxna
wavelength 2. boxna (bon bo'a): x1 is a wave [periodic pattern] in medium x2, wave-form x3, | x4, frequency x5
waves (radio |) cradi: x1 broadcasts/transmits [using radio |] x2 via station/frequency x3 to [radio] receiver x4
wavy x2 of boxna
wax source x2 of lakse
wax x1 of lakse
wax 2. lakse (lak): x1 is quantity of | [substance especially soft/moldable when warm] from source x2 [also paraffin]
way (gateway) vorme (vor vro): x1 is a doorway/gateway/access | between x2 and x3 of structure x4 [note: emphasis on route nature; solid door (= vrogai/vrobi'u/vrozu'itci)]
way (means of a process) tadji: x1 [process] is a method/technique/approach/means for doing x2 (event) under conditions x3 [also practice/|/mode; style/manner/conduct (= tratadji); pattern (= montadji, tadjymo'a, or platadji, tadjypla)]
way (route) pluta (lut lu'a): x1 is a route/path/|/course/track to x2 from x3 via/defined by points including x4 (set) [a route merely connects origin/destination, but need not be improved in any |; (x4 is a set of points at least sufficient to constrain the route relevantly)]
way (small street) klaji (laj): x1 is a street/avenue/lane/drive/cul-de-sac/|/alley/[road] at x2 accessing x3 [also corridor; not typically a route between points, but offers access to sites along it]
way (yield randa (rad): surrender), x1 yields/gives |/surrenders to x2 (force/agent) under conditions x3
way-of-looking-at zabna (zan za'a): x1 is a favorable connotation/sense for/|/perspective on x2 used by x3
weak point x2 of ruble
weak x1 of ruble
weak 2. ruble (rub ble): x1 is |/feeble/frail in property/quality/aspect x2 (ka) by standard x3
weakness property x2 of ruble
weakness standard x3 of ruble
wealthy ricfu (rif cfu): x1 is rich/| in goods/possessions/property/aspect x2
weapon (arms) xarci (xac xa'i): x1 is a |/arms for use against x2 by x3 [gun/cannon (= celxa'i)]
weapon (bladed |) balre (ba'e): x2 of: x1 is a blade of tool/| x2
weapon (claw/talon as metaphor) jgalu (ja'u): x1 is a/the claw/nail/talon [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: pointed, penetrating, physical |]
weapon x1 of xarci
weapon 2. attacked with | x2 of xarci
weapon 3. threatened by | x2 of xarci
weapon 4. use | x3 of xarci
wear x1 of dasni
wear 2. x2 of taxfu
wear 3. taxfu (taf ta'u): x1 is dress/a garment/clothing for wearing by x2 (gender/species/body part) serving purpose x3 [also: x2 can |/is wearing x1; refers to something intended for use as a garment, not merely something that happens to be worn at some time (which need not be true for dasni)]
wear 4. dasni (das): x1 |-s/is robed/garbed in x2 as a garment of type x3 [x2 need not be intended for use as a garment (unlike taxfu)]
wearing (intended use for garments) taxfu (taf ta'u): x2 of: x1 is dress/a garment/clothing for | by x2 (gender/species/body part) serving purpose x3 [also: x2 can wear/is | x1; refers to something intended for use as a garment, not merely something that happens to be worn at some time (which need not be true for dasni)]
wears garment x2 of taxfu
wears x2 of jadni
wears 2. dasni (das): x1 |/is robed/garbed in x2 as a garment of type x3 [x2 need not be intended for use as a garment (unlike taxfu)]
weather location x2 of tcima
weather x1 of tcima
weather 2. tcima (tim ti'a): x1 is | at place/region x2; (adjective:) x1 is meteorological [climate (= citsyti'a, timymo'a)]
weave x1 of jivbu
weaves jivbu: x1 | x2 from material/[yarn] x3
weaving yarn for | x3 of jivbu
wedge material x2 of cfine
wedge x1 of cfine
wedge 2. cfine: x1 is a | [shape/form/tool] of material x2
week (as part of date) detri (det): x1 is the date [day,{|},{month},year] of event/state x2, at location x3, by calendar x4 (time units in x1 are specified as numbers separated by pi'e or are unit values massified with joi)
week (duration) jeftu (jef): x1 is x2 weeks in duration (default is 1 |) by standard x3 [re. x3, a | may be more or less than seven days, classically being tied to the time between trips to the marketplace; this | (= cabjeftu); next | (= bavlamjeftu); last | (= prulamjeftu)]
week standard x3 of jeftu
week x1 of jeftu
weeks duration in | x2 of jeftu
weeks 2. lasts in | x1 of jeftu
weeks 3. number of | x2 of jeftu
weeks 4. jeftu (jef): x1 is x2 | in duration (default is 1 week) by standard x3 [re. x3, a week may be more or less than seven days, classically being tied to the time between trips to the marketplace; this week (= cabjeftu); next week (= bavlamjeftu); last week (= prulamjeftu)]
weep x1 of klaku
weep 2. klaku (kak): x1 |-s/cries tears x2 about/for reason x3 (event/state)
weeping reason for | x3 of klaku
weeps klaku (kak): x1 |/cries tears x2 about/for reason x3 (event/state)
weighs x1 of bunda
weight (atomic |) ratni (rat): x3 of: x1 is an atom of element/atomic number x2 of isotope number/atomic | x3
weight (heavy in |) tilju (tij): x1 is heavy/weighty in mass/| by standard x2
weight (light in |) linto (li'o): x1 is light in mass/| by standard x2
weight (| in field) junta: x1 is the | of object x2 in [gravitational or other force] field x3
weight (| of a hammer) mruli (mru): x3 of: x1 [tool] is a hammer for/hammers x2 [target] consisting of |/head x3 propelled by x4
weight in local units x2 of bunda
weight x1 of junta
weight 2. gravity causing | x3 of junta
weight 3. thing having | x2 of junta
weight 4. bunda (bud): x1 is x2 (default 1) local | unit(s) [non-metric], standard x3, subunits [e.g. ounces] x4 (additional subunit places may be added as x5, x6, ...)
weighty tilju (tij): x1 is heavy/| in mass/weight by standard x2
weird cizra (ciz): x1 is strange/|/deviant/bizarre/odd to x2 in property x3 (ka) [also alien, mysterious, deviant, queer, unusual, exotic]
weirdness x3 of cizra
welcomes rinsa: x1 (agent) greets/hails/[|/says hello to]/responds to arrival of x2 in manner x3 (action)
well (healthy) kanro (ka'o): x1 is healthy/fit/|/in good health by standard x2
well (shaft) consider metaphor "well-tube" (= jintytu'u)
well (spring) jinto: x1 is a |/spring of fluid x2 at location x3
well (top of a well) consider metaphor "well-tube-cover" (= jintytu'ugai, jintygai), well-tube-end (= jintytu'ufa'o, jintyfa'o)
well location x3 of jinto
well x1 of jinto
well 2. fluid from | x2 of jinto
well 3. see also "good"
well-known (familiar) slabu (sau): x1 is old/familiar/| to observer x2 in feature x3 (ka) by standard x4 [This can cover both meanings of old. Old in years, i.e. age, can be conveyed through x2 = the world, life, existence (= loi nu zasti); in usage this has been a common default for ellipsis. However slabu is not the opposite of 'young' (= nalci'o, tolci'o), but the opposite of 'new' (= tolni'o); also ancient (= tcesau), age (= nilsau); x2 is used to x1 (= selsau for reordered places); historic/historical (= cirsau, cirselcedra; also vaipru)]
well-known (famous) misno (mis mi'o): x1 (person/object/event) is famous/renowned/is a celebrity among community of persons x2 (mass) [also celebrated/; (derogative meanings:) notorious/infamous (= malmi'o; these could also be expressed using the referenced words)]
well-organized (| bilni (bil): regimented), x1 is military/regimented/is |/prepared by system x2 for purpose x3 [also paramilitary; soldier in its broadest sense - not limited to those trained/| as part of an army to defend a state (= bilpre)]
Welsh skoto (kot ko'o): x1 reflects Gaelic/Scottish culture/nationality/language in aspect x2 [Irish (= sicko'o), Scottish (= sunko'o), Celtic (= dzeko'o), | (= nanko'o), Breton (= fasko'o); since Scottish/Gaelic is only the northern branch of the Celtic tribes, many would prefer a le'avla for Celtic; nationalism might also demand a separate le'avla for |]
wept tears | x2 of klaku
west x1 of stici
west 2. x2 of stuna
west 3. frame for | x3 of stici
west 4. thing having to the | x2 of stici
west 5. stici (sic): x1 is to the |/western side of x2 according to frame of reference x3
western stici (sic): x1 is to the west/| side of x2 according to frame of reference x3
wet cilmo (cim): x1 is moist/|/damp with liquid x2
wets x2 of cilmo
wheat species x2 of maxri
wheat x1 of maxri
wheat 2. maxri (xri): x1 is a quantity of | [grain] of species/strain x2
wheeel material x3 of xislu
wheel properties x3 of xislu
wheel x1 of xislu
wheel 2. xislu (xil xi'u): x1 is a | [tool] of device/vehicle x2, made of materials/having properties x3
wheeled (of a motor vehicle) karce: x1 is a car/automobile/truck/van [a | motor vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
wheeled (of a vehicle) carce: x1 is a cart/carriage/wagon [| vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
wheeled vehicle x2 of xislu
which becomes that | x1 of binxo
which co-occurs thing | x2 of cabna
which doesn't detect vanished object sensor | x3 ofcanci
which extreme x3 of traji
while take a | x2 of masno
whip bikla (bik): x1 |-s/lashes/snaps [a sudden violent motion]
whips thing that | x1 of bikla
whips 2. bikla (bik): x1 |/lashes/snaps [a sudden violent motion]
whistle [n] x2 of siclu
whistle [v] x1 of siclu
whistle siclu (sil): x1 [sound source] |-s/makes |-ing sound/note/tone/melody x2
whistles siclu (sil): x1 [sound source] |/makes whistling sound/note/tone/melody x2
whistling (| sound/note/tone/melody) siclu (sil): x2 of: x1 [sound source] whistles/makes |/note/tone/melody x2
whistling sound x2 of siclu
white lie tcica (tic): x1 (event/experience) misleads/deceives/dupes/fools/cheats/tricks x2 into x3 (event/state) [agentive deception (= tcicygau, tcicyzu'e); x3 could be an action or a belief on the part of x2; harmful intent or result is not implied (= maltcicyzu'e for such harmful intent); self deception (= sevytcica); deceive/trick into misguided action (= ticyxlu); misguided belief (= tickri); lie/tell an untruth (= ticysku, jifsku), | (= zanticysku)]
white thing x1 of blabi
white blabi (lab): x1 is |/very-light colored [color adjective] [pale forms of other colors are a compound of |; e.g. pink (= labyxu'e, xunblabi) (whereas kandi is used for pale = dimness, lack of intensity)]
who simxu (sim si'u): x1 (set) has members | mutually/reciprocally x2 (event [x1 should be reflexive in 1+ sumti]) [members of x1 do to each other/one another x2, and in return do x2; x1 (plural set) do the same thing to each other]
whole (complete) mulno (mul mu'o): x1 (event) is complete/done/finished; x1 (object) has become | in property x2 by standard x3 [also perfected, entirety; (adverb/adjective:) entire, total, integral, fully, totally, wholly, completely, entirely]
whole (massed together components) gunma (gum): x1 is a mass/team/aggregate/|, together composed of components x2, considered jointly [A description in x1 indicates of mass property(ies) displayed by the mass; masses may reveal properties not found in the individual set members that are massified, which themselves are not necessarily relevant to the mass property implicit in this bridi]
whole (| with parts/components) pagbu (pag pau): x1 is a part/component/piece/portion/segment of x2 [where x2 is a |/mass]; x2 is partly x1 [partly (= selpau)]
wholly mulno (mul mu'o): x1 (event) is complete/done/finished; x1 (object) has become whole in property x2 by standard x3 [also perfected, entirety; (adverb/adjective:) entire, total, integral, fully, totally, |, completely, entirely]
whorl sarlu: x1 is a spiral/helix/|/[vortex] [shape/form] with limits x2, of dimensionality x3
wicked palci (pac): x1 is evil/depraved/| [morally bad] by standard x2
wide (broad) ganra (gan): x1 is broad/| in dimension x2 [2nd most significant dimension] by standard x3
wide (|-mouthed container) baktu: x1 is a bucket/pail/can/deep, solid, |-topped/|-mouthed container of contents x2, made of material x3
width x2 of jarki
wild dog see also "wolf"
wild dog 2. lorxu (lor lo'u): x1 is a fox [bushy-tailed | dog/canine] of species/breed x2
wild x1 of cilce
wild 2. cilce (cic): (adjective:) x1 is |/untamed [tame (= tolcilce)]
will (| hopefully occur) pacna (pa'a): x1 hopes/wishes for/desires x2 (event), expected likelihood x3 (0-1); x1 hopes that x2 happens [also: x1 is hopeful of x2; x2 | hopefully occur, as hoped for by x1; the value of x3 is a subjective estimate of likeliness according to x1, and is the basic determinant of whether pacna means 'hope' or 'wish' or 'expect': hoping for objects/states with negligible expectation is "wishing"; if the state is plausibly likely, it is "hoping"; when the probability is subjectively near 1, the attitude is described as "expecting"; the value | usually be expressed using inexact numbers (li "piso'u" to li "piro"); wish (= sotpa'a), hope (= sorpa'a), expect (= sojypa'a)]
will x4 of cerda
will 2. see also "future"
willful (of someone who is stubborn) xarnu: x1 is stubborn/willfully opposing/resisting x2 about x3 (event/state) [x2 may be a person, a state or condition, or a force; the essence is | resistance]
willful xarnu: x1 is stubborn/|/resisting x2 about x3 (event/state) [x2 may be a person, a state or condition, or a force; the essence is willful resistance]
willfully opposing xarnu: x1 is stubborn/willful/|/resisting x2 about x3 (event/state) [x2 may be a person, a state or condition, or a force; the essence is willful resistance]
willingly zifre (zif zi'e): x1 is free/at liberty to do/be x2 (event/state) under conditions x3 [also unrestricted, unfettered, unconstrained; (adjective:) independent; (adverb:) |, voluntarily, freely, may, optionally; (potential:) x1 voluntarily does x2]
win x1 of jinga
win 2. jinga (jig ji'a): x1 (person/team) |-s/gains prize x2 from/over x3 [competitors/losers] in competition x4 [also: x1 is a victor; x2 reward; x3 competitors here are opponents and in many situations, defeated/losers, vs. the set of those competing for a goal; x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erji'a, po'erselji'a for unambiguous semantics)];
wind (| instrument) tabra: x1 is a horn/trumpet/trombone/bugle [brass-|/lip-reed musical instrument]
wind direction x2 of brife
wind speed x3 of brife
wind brife (bif bi'e): x1 is a breeze/|/gale from direction x2 with speed x3; x1 blows from x2
window x1 of canko
window 2. thing having | x2 of canko
window 3. canko (ca'o): x1 is a |/portal/opening [portal] in wall/building/structure x2
windowed x2 of canko
windspeed brife (bif bi'e): x3 of: x1 is a breeze/wind/gale from direction x2 with | x3; x1 blows from x2
wine fruit x2 of vanju
wine grapes x2 of vanju
wine x1 of vanju
wine 2. vanju (van): x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of | from fruit/grapes x2
wing x1 of nalci
wing 2. nalci (na'i): x1 is a/the | [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: lateral supporting surface]
winged x2 of nalci
wins jinga (jig ji'a): x1 (person/team) |/gains prize x2 from/over x3 [competitors/losers] in competition x4 [also: x1 is a victor; x2 reward; x3 competitors here are opponents and in many situations, defeated/losers, vs. the set of those competing for a goal; x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erji'a, po'erselji'a for unambiguous semantics)];
winter location x3 of dunra
winter x1 of dunra
winter 2. dunra (dur): x1 is |/wintertime [cold season] of year x2 at location x3
winter 3. year of | x2 of dunra
wintertime dunra (dur): x1 is winter/| [cold season] of year x2 at location x3
wipes mosra (mos): x1 is friction [force opposing motion] due to contact/rubbing between x2 and x3; (fe) x2 rubs x3 [also x2 scrubs/|/brushes (against) x3 (= seltermosra); non-agentive rub (= termosra)]
wire cilta (cil): x1 is a thread/filament/| [shape/form] of material x2
wisdom object of | x2 of prije
wise man prije (pij): x1 is wise/sage/a | about matter x2 (abstraction) to observer x3
wise x1 of prije
wise 2. views as | x3 of prije
wise 3. prije (pij): x1 is |/sage about matter x2 (abstraction) to observer x3
wish x1 of pacna
wish 2. pacna (pa'a): x1 hopes/wishes for/desires x2 (event), expected likelihood x3 (0-1); x1 hopes that x2 happens [also: x1 is hopeful of x2; x2 will hopefully occur, as hoped for by x1; the value of x3 is a subjective estimate of likeliness according to x1, and is the basic determinant of whether pacna means 'hope' or '|' or 'expect': hoping for objects/states with negligible expectation is "wishing"; if the state is plausibly likely, it is "hoping"; when the probability is subjectively near 1, the attitude is described as "expecting"; the value will usually be expressed using inexact numbers (li "piso'u" to li "piro"); | (= sotpa'a), hope (= sorpa'a), expect (= sojypa'a)]
wishes (desires) djica (dji): x1 desires/wants/| x2 (event/state) for purpose x3 [if desire is for an object, this is sumti-raising; use tu'a in x2 (or use lujvo = po'edji)]
wishes (hopes with low expectation) pacna (pa'a): x1 hopes/| for/desires x2 (event), expected likelihood x3 (0-1); x1 hopes that x2 happens [also: x1 is hopeful of x2; x2 will hopefully occur, as hoped for by x1; the value of x3 is a subjective estimate of likeliness according to x1, and is the basic determinant of whether pacna means 'hope' or 'wish' or 'expect': hoping for objects/states with negligible expectation is "wishing"; if the state is plausibly likely, it is "hoping"; when the probability is subjectively near 1, the attitude is described as "expecting"; the value will usually be expressed using inexact numbers (li "piso'u" to li "piro"); wish (= sotpa'a), hope (= sorpa'a), expect (= sojypa'a)]
wishing pacna (pa'a): x1 hopes/wishes for/desires x2 (event), expected likelihood x3 (0-1); x1 hopes that x2 happens [also: x1 is hopeful of x2; x2 will hopefully occur, as hoped for by x1; the value of x3 is a subjective estimate of likeliness according to x1, and is the basic determinant of whether pacna means 'hope' or 'wish' or 'expect': hoping for objects/states with negligible expectation is "|"; if the state is plausibly likely, it is "hoping"; when the probability is subjectively near 1, the attitude is described as "expecting"; the value will usually be expressed using inexact numbers (li "piso'u" to li "piro"); wish (= sotpa'a), hope (= sorpa'a), expect (= sojypa'a)]
witch x3 of makfa
witchcraft makfa (maf): x1 is magic/supernatural/sorcery/|/wizardry to x2, performed by person/force/deity x3
with sauce x2 of sanso
with sky x2 of tsani
with stairs x2 of serti
with sudden change x3 of suksa
with x1 of kansa
with 2. kansa (kan): x1 is |/accompanies/is a companion of x2, in state/condition/enterprise x3 (event/state) [x1 is together |/along | x2]
within (activity | which control is maintained) jitro (tro): x3 of: x1 has control over/harnesses/manages/directs/conducts x2 in x3 (activity/event/performance) [x2 are aspects/individuals controlled | activity/event x3; manage (= selzu'etro, selzukfu'e, gu'etro, gunfu'e, xaktro, xakfu'e) (as distinct from manager/boss = gunterbe'e, gunja'a, gunmi'e, gunca'i)]
within (concavity |) kevna (kev ke'a): x1 is a cavity/hole/hollow/cavern in x2; x1 is concave | x2; x2 is hollow at locus x1 [also pit, depression, concavity; hollow (= selke'a)]
within (inside) nenri (ner ne'i): x1 is in/inside/| x2; x1 is on the inside/interior of x2 [totally | the bounds of x2] [indicates total containment]
within (lake | land mass) lalxu (la'u): x1 is a lake/lagoon/pool at site/| land mass x2
within (locus | range) diklo (klo): x2 of: x1 is local to x2; x1 is confined to locus x2 | range x3 [indicates a specific location/value | a range; e.g. a hits b. What is the locality on b that a hits?]
within (of a category) klesi (kle lei): x1 (mass/si'o) is a class/category/subgroup/subset | x2 with defining property x3 (ka) [also type, kind, classification, species, genus, family, order, phylum]
within (of contents) vasru (vas vau): x2 of: x1 contains/holds/encloses/includes contents x2 |; x1 is a vessel containing x2 [also accommodates, container; containment need not be total; x2 is [contained] in x1 (= selvau for reordered places)]
within (rule | system) javni (jva): x1 is a rule prescribing/mandating/requiring x2 (event/state) | system/community x3 [regulation, prescription (also x2), principle, requirement (also x2), prescribe, require (conditions are usually contained | x2); x1 is regulatory; x2, x3 are regulated]
within (stratum | structure) senta (set): x1 is a layer/stratum [shape/form] of x2 [material] | structure/continuum/composite x3
within limits (restrain/constrain |) jimte (jit): x1 is a limit/extreme/bound/border/[confinement] of x2 in property/domain x3 [restrain/constrain | (= jitri'u, jitygau, jityzu'e)]
within the power of x2 of vlipa
without (belief) | evidence) krici (kri): x1 believes [| object/external evidence] that belief/creed x2 (du'u) is true/assumed about subject x3 [also gives credence, has conviction]
without (| cover; bare lunbe (lub): nude), x1 is bare/naked/nude; x1 is | cover/clothes/[protection]
without (| elements of poetry prosa (ros ro'a): of prose), x1 is prose about plot/theme/subject x2 by author x3 for intended audience x4 [non-poetic written text, | intentional rhyme or meter; x2 may be a convention rather than a subject]
without (| useful information savru (sav vru): of noise), x1 is a noise/din/clamor [sensory input | useful information] to x2 via sensory channel x3
without (|/lacking) claxu (cau): x1 is |/lacking/free of/lacks x2; x1 is x2-less
without flaw prane (pa'e): x1 is perfect/ideal/archetypical/faultless/flawless/un-improvable, without defect/error/flaw, in property/aspect x2 (ka)
without material form (immaterial) mucti (mut): x1 is immaterial/not physical/|
without obstacle klina (kli): x1 (object/medium) is clear/transparent/| to in-the-clear x2 [transmission] [also lucid; x2 remains apparent/lucid/clear (figurative use for 'understandable' is discouraged)]
without payment (of giving) dunda (dud du'a): x1 [donor] gives/donates gift/present x2 to recipient/beneficiary x3 [| payment/exchange] [also grants; x3 is a receiver (= terdu'a for reordered places); the Lojban doesn't distinguish between or imply possession transfer or sharing; x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erdu'a, po'erseldu'a for unambiguous semantics)]
without x1 of claxu
withstands renvi (rev re'i): x1 survives/endures/undergoes/abides/lasts/persists through x2 for interval/duration x3 [also lasts out, |; x1 persists/lasts for duration x3; (adjective:) x1 is tough/durable]
wizard x3 of makfa
wizardry makfa (maf): x1 is magic/supernatural/sorcery/witchcraft/| to x2, performed by person/force/deity x3
wobbles desku (des): x1 shakes/quakes/trembles/quivers/shudders/|/vibrates from force x2 [also (expressible either with desku or slilu): side to side, to and fro, back and forth, reciprocal motion]
wolf species x2 of labno
wolf x1 of labno
wolf 2. labno: x1 is a |/lupine of species/breed x2
woman's x1 is a | shirt/blouse /=/ nimcreka
woman x1 of ninmu
woman 2. ninmu (nim ni'u): x1 is a |/women; x1 is a female humanoid person [not necessarily adult] [word dispreferred in metaphor/example as sexist; (use remna or prenu)]
womb x1 of gutra
womb 2. thing having | x2 of gutra
womb 3. gutra: x1 is a/the |/uterus [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: nourishing, protective, giving birth]
women ninmu (nim ni'u): x1 is a woman/|; x1 is a female humanoid person [not necessarily adult] [word dispreferred in metaphor/example as sexist; (use remna or prenu)]
won competition | x4 of jinga
wonder x1 of manci
wonder 2. object of | x2 of manci
wonder 3. manci (mac): x1 feels |/awe/marvels about x2
wonders (is curious) kucli: x1 is curious/| about/is interested in/[inquisitive about] x2 (object/abstract) [inquisitive (= retkucli)]
wondrous x2 of manci
wood species x2 of mudri
wood x1 of mudri
wood 2. mudri (mud): x1 is a quantity of/is made of/contains |/lumber from tree(s) of type/species x2
woods foldi (flo foi): x1 is a field [shape/form] of material x2; x1 is a broad uniform expanse of x2 [also | (= ricfoi), lawn/meadow (= sasfoi), brush (= spafoi, cicyspafoi)]
wool x1 of sunla
wool 2. sunla (sul): x1 is a quantity of/made from/consists of | [tight curly hair] from animal/species/source x2
woolly animal x2 of sunla
word (article/descriptor |) gadri (gad): x1 is an article/descriptor labelling description x2 (text) in language x3 with semantics x4 [x2 is the noun phrase/sumti without the article/descriptor; description ((x1 with x2) = gadysu'i); note: 'determiner' has become the accepted general linguistics term, displacing 'article'; however, 'determiner' includes all words that can introduce a noun phrase/sumti, whether a description or not, such as pronoun possessives like lemi, quantifiers (especially in indefinites) like ci and su'o, and demonstratives like ti, ta, and tu; the term 'descriptor' in Lojban, is limited to words that introduce descriptions (excluding indefinites), such as those of selma'o LA and LE, their common compounds such as lemi, and possibly lenu]; 'article' typically refers only to a single |; Lojban assumes the broader meaning]
word (compound predicate) lujvo (luv jvo): x1 (text) is a compound predicate | with meaning x2 and arguments x3 built from metaphor x4
word (Lojban root word) gismu (gim gi'u): x1 is a (Lojban) root | expressing relation x2 among argument roles x3, with affix(es) x4 [gismu list, if physical object (= (loi) gi'uste); referring to the mental construct (e.g. propose adding a new gismu to the gismu list = gimpoi, gimselcmi, gimselste)]
word (structure word) cmavo (ma'o): x1 is a structure | of grammatical class x2, with meaning/function x3 in language x4 [cmavo list, if physical object (= (loi) ma'oste); referring to the mental construct (e.g. propose adding a new cmavo to the cmavo list = ma'orpoi, ma'orselcmi,ma'orselste)]
word (used as punctuation) pandi (pad): x1 (agent) punctuates x2 (expression) with symbol/| x3 with syntactic/semantic effect x4
word (| having affix/comining form) rafsi (raf): x1 is an affix/suffix/prefix/combining-form for |/concept x2, form/properties x3, language x4
word affix root | x4 of gismu
word arguments root | x3 of gismu
word class structure | x2 of cmavo
word language x3 of valsi
word meaning x2 of valsi
word meaning 2. structure | x3 of cmavo
word relation root | x2 of gismu
word x1 of valsi
word 2. root | x1 of gismu
word 3. structure language | x4 of cmavo
word 4. structure | x1 of cmavo
word 5. valsi (val vla): x1 is a | meaning/causing x2 in language x3; (adjective: x1 is lexical/verbal)
work (authored content of a book) cukta (cku): x1 is a book containing | x2 by author x3 for audience x4 preserved in medium x5 [x1 is a manifestation/container [a physical object or its analogue] of a |/content, not necessarily using paper (= selpapri)] /:/
work (avoided |) lazni: x2 of: x1 (person) is lazy/avoiding |/effort concerning action x2
work (deserving payment) jerna: x3 of: x1 (agent/person) earns/[deserves/merits] wages/salary/pay x2 for |/service x3 (activity) [also x2 reward (= zanseljerna or nemjerna), punishment/comeuppance (= sfaseljerna, malseljerna); x3 behavior; job (= terjerna); x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erjerna, po'erseljerna for unambiguous semantics)]
work (labor - event) nungu'a: x1 is an event of x2 [person] laboring/working on/at x3 [|] with goal/objective x4 [also: x2 is a worker/laborer]
work (labor - event) 2. nungu'a: x1 is |, an event of x2 [person] laboring/working on/at x3 [activity] with goal/objective x4 [also: x2 is a worker/laborer]
work (labor - noun) gunka (gun gu'a): x2 of: x1 [person] labors/works on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3 [also: x1 is a worker/laborer]; (cf. zukte - which need not be labor; physics term 'work' = ni muvyselbai)
work (labor - verb) gunka (gun gu'a): x1 [person] labors/|-s on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3 [also: x1 is a worker/laborer]; (cf. zukte - which need not be labor; physics term 'work' = ni muvyselbai)
work (physics term) gunka (gun gu'a): x1 [person] labors/works on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3 [also: x1 is a worker/laborer]; (cf. zukte - which need not be labor; physics term '|' = ni muvyselbai)
work (place of work) briju (bij): x1 is the office/bureau/| of worker x2 at location x3
work [n] x2 of gunka
work [v] x1 of gunka
work goal x3 of gunka
work | of fiction) cfika (fik fi'a): x1 is a | of fiction about plot/theme/subject x2/under convention x2 by author x3 [also story, lie, untrue]
work paid | x3 of jerna
work 2. gunka (gun gu'a): x1 [person] labors/works on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3 [also: x1 is a worker/laborer]; (cf. zukte - which need not be labor; physics term 'work' = ni muvyselbai)
worker (labor - event) nungu'a: x1 is an event of x2 [person] laboring/working on/at x3 [activity] with goal/objective x4 [also: x2 is a |/laborer]
worker x1 of gunka
worker 2. office | x2 of briju
worker 3. gunka (gun gu'a): x1 [person] labors/works on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3 [also: x1 is a |/laborer]
worker 4. briju (bij): x1 is an office/bureau/work-place of | x2 at location x3
working (labor - event) nungu'a: x1 is an event of x2 [person] laboring/| on/at x3 [activity] with goal/objective x4 [also: x2 is a worker/laborer]
working (| for someone) jibri (jib): x1 is a job/occupation/employment/vocation (a type of work regularly done for pay) of person x2 [| for another (= selplijibri)]
workman (labor - event) nungu'a: x1 is an event of x2 [person] laboring/working on/at x3 [activity] with goal/objective x4 [also: x2 is a worker/|]
workman (labor - verb) gunka (gun gu'a): x1 [person] labors/|-s on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3 [also: x1 is a worker/|]; (cf. zukte - which need not be labor; physics term 'work' = ni muvyselbai)
workplace briju (bij): x1 is an office/bureau/| of worker x2 at location x3
works gunka (gun gu'a): x1 [person] labors/| on/at x2 [activity] with goal/objective x3 [also: x1 is a worker/laborer]
world munje (muj mu'e): x1 is a universe/cosmos [complete and ordered entirety] of domain/sphere x2 defined by rules x3 [also |; a universe is a kind of system, one which comprehensively encompasses its domain; e.g. 'universe of discourse', or '| of birds'; x3 are the rules/defining principles which distinguish the universe from other universes, or from non-universe]
worm species x2 of curnu
worm x1 of curnu
worm 2. curnu (cur): x1 is a |/invertebrate animal of species/breed x2 [also mollusk, snail (= cakcurnu), shellfish (= xaskemcakcurnu, xaskemcakydja); the generalization to invertebrate is because almost all multicellular invertebrates are indeed wormlike]
wormlike curnu (cur): x1 is a worm/invertebrate animal of species/breed x2 [also mollusk, snail (= cakcurnu), shellfish (= xaskemcakcurnu, xaskemcakydja); the generalization to invertebrate is because almost all multicellular invertebrates are indeed |]
worn as x3 of dasni
worn x2 of dasni
worn 2. taxfu (taf ta'u): x1 is dress/a garment/clothing for wearing by x2 (gender/species/body part) serving purpose x3 [also: x2 can wear/is wearing x1; refers to something intended for use as a garment, not merely something that happens to be | at some time (which need not be true for dasni)]
worth in cents x2 of fepni
worth in dollars x2 of rupnu
worth vamji (vam va'i): x1 (ni) is the equivalent value/| of x2 [item(s) of value] to x3 for use/appreciation x4 [also: x2 is | x1 to x3; (for x2 person:) x2 merits (one sense), (adjective:) x2 is worthy (= selva'i for reordered places); merit reward (= nemselva'i); receive merited reward (= vamselne'u); x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erva'i, po'erselva'i for unambiguous semantics)]
worthy (has worth) vamji (vam va'i): x2 of: x1 (ni) is the equivalent value/worth of x2 [item(s) of value] to x3 for use/appreciation x4 [also: x2 is worth x1 to x3; (for x2 person:) x2 merits (one sense), (adjective:) x2 is | (= selva'i for reordered places); merit reward (= nemselva'i); receive merited reward (= vamselne'u); x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erva'i, po'erselva'i for unambiguous semantics)]
woven (of a basket) lanka: x1 is a basket with contents x2, | from material x3
woven (of starnds in a rope/cable) skori (sko): x2 of: x1 is cord/cable/rope/line/twine/cordage/| strands of material x2
woven x2 of jivbu
wrapping bundle | x3 of bakfu
wrecks daspo (spo): x1 (event) destroys/ruins/|/despoils x2; x1 is destructive
wrinkle x1 of cinje
wrinkle 2. cinje (cij): x1 is a |/crease/fold [shape/form] in x2
wrinkled x2 of cinje
wrist birka (bir): x1 is a/the arm [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: branch with strength] [also elbow (= bircidni), | (= xanterjo'e), appendage (but jimca, rebla preferred)]
write book x3 of cukta
write fiction x3 of cfika
write prose x3 of prosa
write x1 of ciska
write 2. ciska (ci'a): x1 inscribes/|-s x2 on display/storage medium x3 with |-ing implement x4; x1 is a scribe [also x3 |-ing surface]
writer x1 of ciska
writes (inscribes) ciska (ci'a): x1 inscribes/| x2 on display/storage medium x3 with writing implement x4; x1 is a scribe [also x3 writing surface]
writes see also "author", "invent"
writing brush pinsi (pis): x1 is a pencil/crayon/stylus applying lead/marking material x2, frame/support [of material] x3 [also |; x1 stimulates substrate medium x2 to display marks; explicitly denoting a standard lead pencil (= tabypinsi)]
writing device (| using ink) xinmo (xim): x3 of: x1 is a quantity of ink of color/pigment x2 used by | x3
writing implement x4 of ciska
writing implement 2. ciska (ci'a): x4 of: x1 inscribes/writes x2 on display/storage medium x3 with | x4; x1 is a scribe [also x3 | surface]
written on x3 of ciska
written text prosa (ros ro'a): x1 is prose about plot/theme/subject x2 by author x3 for intended audience x4 [non-poetic | text, without intentional rhyme or meter; x2 may be a convention rather than a subject]
written x2 of ciska
wrong (action warranting retaliation) venfu (vef): x3 of: x1 takes revenge on/retaliates against x2 (person) for | x3 (nu) with vengeance x4 (nu) [also avenge; (adjective:) x1 is vengeful]
wrought (emotionally |) dunku (duk du'u): x1 is anguished/distressed/emotionally |/stressed by x2
Wu jungo (jug): x1 reflects Chinese [Mandarin, Cantonese, |, etc.] culture/nationality/language in aspect x2