English-Lojban dictionary
[ non-alphabetic
| a
| b
| d
| e
| f
| g
| h
| i
| j
| k
| l
| m
| n
| o
| p
| q
| r
| s
| t
| u
| v
| w
| x
| y
| z
]
c
cabbage species x2 of kobli
cabbage x1 of kobli
cabbage 2. kobli (kob ko'i):
x1 is a quantity of |/lettuce/leafy vegetable of species/strain x2
cabin x1 of sabnu
cabin 2. vehicle with | x2 of sabnu
cabin 3. sabnu:
x1 is a | of vehicle x2
cabinet kamni:
x1 (mass) is a committee with task/purpose x2 of body x3
[| (= trukamni, gritrukamni)]
cable (bundle of filaments) skori (sko):
x1 is cord/|/rope/line/twine/cordage/woven strands of material x2
cable car trene (ren re'e):
x1 is a train [vehicle] of cars/units x2 (mass) for rails/system/railroad x3, propelled by x4
[a railed vehicle or train of vehicles; also subway (= tu'unre'e), metro, trolley, tramway (= lajre'e), roller coaster; monorail (= dadre'e); |, sky car, ski lift (= cildadre'e)]
cackle cmoni (cmo co'i):
x1 utters moan/groan/howl/scream [non-linguistic utterance] x2 expressing x3 (property)
[also shriek, most animal sounds, e.g. bark, |, meow, neigh, moo, honk, baa, crow]
cafe gusta:
x1 is a restaurant/|/diner serving type-of-food x2 to audience x3
cage cutne (cut):
x1 is a/the chest/thorax/upper trunk/[rib |/breast] [body-part] of x2
cake tapla:
x1 is a tile/| [shape/form] of material x2, shape x3, thickness x4
[a tile is a 3-dimensional object, relatively uniform and significant in the 3rd dimension, but thin enough that its shape in the the other two dimensions is a significant feature; 'city block' is conceptually a tile; polygon (= taplytai or kardytai - shaped like an approximately-2-dimensional block, li'irclupa - a loop composed of lines)]
calcium (metaphorical bongu (bog bo'u):
based on bones as source), x1 is a/the bone/ivory [body-part], performing function x2 in body of x3; [metaphor: |]
[x2 is likely an abstract: may be structure/support for some body part, but others as well such as the eardrum bones; the former can be expressed as (tu'a le ); cartilage/gristle (= ranbo'u), skeleton (= bo'urgreku)]
calculate x1 of kanji
calculate 2. kanji (kaj):
x1 |-s/reckons/computes x2 [value (ni)/state] from data x3 by process x4
calculated from x3 of kanji
calculated x2 of kanji
calculates kanji (kaj):
x1 |/reckons/computes x2 [value (ni)/state] from data x3 by process x4
calculation x4 of kanji
calendar (as the basis for a date) detri (det):
x4 of: x1 is the date [day,{week},{month},year] of event/state x2, at location x3, by | x4
(time units in x1 are specified as numbers separated by pi'e or are unit values massified with joi)
calendar x4 of detri
calf bakni (bak):
x1 is a cow/cattle/kine/ox/[bull/steer/|] [beef-producer/bovine] of species/breed x2
called (named) cmene (cme me'e):
x2 of: x1 (quoted word(s)) is a/the name/title/tag of x2 to/used-by namer/name-user x3 (person)
[also: x2 is | x1 by x3 (= selme'e for reordered places)]
calls x3 of cmene
camel species x2 of kumte
camel x1 of kumte
camel 2. kumte:
x1 is a |/llama/alpaca/vicuna/dromedary of species/breed x2
[llama (= tcokumte), Bactrian | (= zdokumte); Arabian |/dromedary (= rabykumte)]
camera x1 of kacma
camera 2. kacma:
x1 is a |/photographic equipment recording illumination type x2 images to medium x3
camp location x3 of ginka
camp x1 of ginka
camp 2. stay in | x2 of ginka
camp 3. ginka (gik):
x1 is a |/encampment/temporary residence of x2 at location x3
camper x2 of ginka
campsite x3 of ginka
can (able) kakne (ka'e):
x1 is able to do/be/capable of doing/being x2 (event/state) under conditions x3 (event/state); x1 | do x2
[also: has talent; know how to; know how to use (= plika'e)]
can (container) baktu:
x1 is a bucket/pail/|/deep, solid, wide-topped container of contents x2, made of material x3
can (container) 2. lante:
x1 is a |/tightly sealed/pre-sealed container for perishable contents x2, made of x3
can contents x2 of lante
can eat food one who | x2 of cidja
can material x3 of lante
can't see x2 of canci
can x1 of lante
Canadian aspect x2 of kadno
Canadian x1 of kadno
Canadian 2. kadno:
x1 reflects | culture/nationality in aspect x2
canal destination x2 of naxle
canal origin x3 of naxle
canal route x4 of naxle
canal x1 of naxle
canal 2. naxle (nax xle):
x1 is a |/channel to x2 from x3 with route x4
[x2/x3 may be unordered]
cancer x1 of kenra
cancer 2. kenra (ken):
x1 is a | [malignant disease] in x2
cancerous x2 of kenra
candela standard x3 of delno
candela x1 of delno
candela 2. delno (del de'o):
x1 is x2 | [metric unit] in luminosity (default is 1) by standard x3
candelas number of | x2 of delno
candid stace (sac):
x1 is honest/open/truthfully revealing to/|/frank with x2 about matter/fact x3
[also straight, straight-forward]
candle-power delno (del de'o):
x1 is x2 candela [metric unit] in luminosity (default is 1) by standard x3
cane grana (ga'a):
x1 is a rod/pole/staff/stick/| [shape/form] of material x2
canine (doglike aspects of a wolf) labno:
x1 is a wolf/lupine of species/breed x2
canine (of a dog) gerku (ger ge'u):
x1 is a dog/|/[bitch] of species/breed x2
canine (of a fox) lorxu (lor lo'u):
x1 is a fox [bushy-tailed wild dog/|] of species/breed x2
canned x2 of lante
cannon (launcher) cecla (cel ce'a):
x1 launches/fires/shoots projectile/missile x2, propelled by x3 [propellant/propulsion]
[also: x1 is a gun/launcher/|; x1 hurls/throws/casts (more general than renro in that propulsion need not be internal to x1)]
cannon (weapon) xarci (xac xa'i):
x1 is a weapon/arms for use against x2 by x3
[gun/| (= celxa'i)]
cannonball danti (dan):
x1 is a ballistic projectile [e.g. bullet/missile] for firing by [gun/propelling launcher] x2
[also |, catapult stone, shot pellet(s)]
Cantonese jungo (jug):
x1 reflects Chinese [Mandarin, |, Wu, etc.] culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
cap material x2 of mapku
cap x1 of mapku
cap 2. mapku (map):
x1 is a |/hat/crown/helmet/piece of headgear [head-top garment] of material x2
capable kakne (ka'e):
x1 is able to do/be/| of doing/being x2 (event/state) under conditions x3 (event/state)
[also: has talent; know how to; know how to use (= plika'e)]
cape kosta (kos):
x1 is a coat/jacket/sweater/cloak/[|/shawl/pullover] [extra outer garment] of material x2
capital x2 of zivle
captain (ultimate leader/commander) jatna (ja'a):
x1 is |/commander/leader/in-charge of vehicle/domain x2
captain x1 of jatna
captain 2. see also "command", "leader"
captained x2 of jatna
captive pinfu (pif):
x1 is a prisoner/| of x2, restrained/held/confined by means/force x3
captor x2 of pinfu
capture x1 of kavbu
capture 2. kavbu (kav):
x1 |-s/catches/apprehends/seizes/nabs x2 with trap/restraint x3
[catch something thrown (= rerkavbu)]
captured x2 of kavbu
captures kavbu (kav):
x1 |/catches/apprehends/seizes/nabs x2 with trap/restraint x3
[catch something thrown (= rerkavbu)]
car x1 of karce
car 2. propel | x3 of karce
car 3. ride in | x2 of karce
car 4. train | x2 of trene
car 5. trene (ren re'e):
x1 is a train [vehicle] of cars/units x2 (mass) for rails/system/railroad x3, propelled by x4
[a railed vehicle or train of vehicles; also subway (= tu'unre'e), metro, trolley, tramway (= lajre'e), roller coaster; monorail (= dadre'e); cable |, sky |, ski lift (= cildadre'e)]
car 6. karce:
x1 is a |/automobile/truck/van [a wheeled motor vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
carbon x1 of tabno
carbon 2. tabno (tab):
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of |/graphite/[diamond]/charcoal; x1 is organic
carbonated sodva (sod):
x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of a | beverage of flavor/brand x2
[also: soft drink (though this English phrase sometimes includes tea and coffee as distinct from alcoholic beverages which are "hard drinks")]
card material x2 of karda
card x1 of karda
card 2. karda:
x1 is a | [small nearly-2-dimensional shape/form] of material x2, shape x3
(x3 shape default rectangular)
cardiac risna:
x1 is a/the heart [body-part] of x2; [emotional/shape metaphors are NOT culturally neutral]
[(adjective:) x1 is |]
cardinality set with | x2 of # mei
cardiovascular (sound clue not identical in meaning) vasxu (vax va'u):
x1 breathes/respires x2 [gas]
(though used to make the Lojban word, clue word | is erroneous, actually pertaining to the circulatory system that carries the respired oxygen to the tissues)
care of take | x1 of kurji
care of 2. taken | x2 of kurji
care raktu (ra'u):
x1 (event) troubles/disturbs x2 (person) causing problem(s) x3
[also afflicts, is disruptive to, troublesome; x1/x3 are a | to, x2 is troubled by/cares about x1/x3 (= selra'u for reordered places)]
care 2. kurji (kuj ku'i):
x1 takes-|-of/looks after/attends to/provides for/is caretaker for x2 (object/event/person)
[also tends, cares for, keeps; x1 is a keeper/custodian of x2]
cares (| after) kurji (kuj ku'i):
x1 takes-care-of/looks after/attends to/provides for/is caretaker for x2 (object/event/person)
[also tends, | for, keeps; x1 is a keeper/custodian of x2]
cares about (problems x3 caused by x1) raktu (ra'u):
x1 (object/person/event/situation) troubles/disturbs x2 (person) causing problem(s) x3
[also afflicts, is disruptive to, troublesome; x1/x3 are a care to, x2 is troubled by/| about x1/x3 (= selra'u for reordered places)]
cares about see also "attends", "tends", "loves", "likes"
caretaker kurji (kuj ku'i):
x1 takes-care-of/looks after/attends to/provides for/is | for x2 (object/event/person)
[also tends, cares for, keeps; x1 is a keeper/custodian of x2]
cargo (something carried) bevri (bev bei):
x2 of: x1 carries/hauls/bears/transports | x2 to x3 from x4 over path x5; x1 is a carrier/[porter]
[alienation from x2 to x3 is implied]
cargo (| of airplane) vinji (vij):
x2 of: x1 is an airplane/aircraft [flying vehicle] for carrying passengers/| x2, propelled by x3
cargo (| of an aircraft) vinji (vij):
x2 of: x1 is an airplane/aircraft [flying vehicle] for carrying passengers/| x2, propelled by x3
cargo (| of boat) bloti (lot blo lo'i):
x2 of: x1 is a boat/ship/vessel [vehicle] for carrying | x2, propelled by x3
cargo (| of rocket) jakne:
x3 of: x1 is a rocket [vehicle] propelled by jet expelling x2 carrying payload/| x3
cargo (| of vehicle) marce (ma'e):
x2 of: x1 is a vehicle/mode of transport carrying | x2 in/on surface/medium x3, propelled by x4
cargo (| of wheeled motor vehicle) karce:
x2 of: x1 is a car/automobile/truck/van [a wheeled motor vehicle] for carrying | x2, propelled by x3
cargo (| of wheeled vehicle) carce:
x2 of: x1 is a cart/carriage/wagon [wheeled vehicle] for carrying | x2, propelled by x3
cargo (| supported by skis) skiji (sij):
x3 of: x1 is a ski/skid/skate/runner for surface (of material) x2 supporting skier/skater/sled/| x3
cargo x2 of bevri
cargo 2. x2 of marce
cargo 3. destination for | x3 of bevri
cargo 4. plane | x2 of vinji
cargo 5. see also "payload"
cargo 6. source of | x4 of bevri
carriage carce:
x1 is a cart/|/wagon [wheeled vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
carried by boat thing | x2 of bloti
carried in rocket x3 of jakne
carried on cart x2 of carce
carried x2 of bevri
carrier (hauler/bearer) bevri (bev bei):
x1 carries/hauls/bears/transports cargo x2 to x3 from x4 over path x5; x1 is a |/[porter]
[alienation from x2 to x3 is implied]
carrier (medium of transmission) benji (bej be'i):
x1 transfers/sends/transmits x2 to/towards receiver x3 from transmitter/origin x4 via means/medium x5
[also possibly "sharing"; no (complete) alienation from origin is implied]; [x5 |]
carrier (postal |) mrilu (mri):
x1 mails/posts [transfer via intermediary service] x2 to x3 from x4 by |/network/system x5
[also x4 post office, mailbox]
carrier x1 of bevri
carrier 2. x5 of benji
carrier 3. mail | x5 of mrilu
carries bevri (bev bei):
x1 |/hauls/bears/transports cargo x2 to x3 from x4 over path x5; x1 is a carrier/[porter]
[alienation from x2 to x3 is implied]
carry x1 of bevri
carry 2. bevri (bev bei):
x1 |-ies/hauls/bears/transports cargo x2 to x3 from x4 over path x5; x1 is a |-ier/[porter]
[alienation from x2 to x3 is implied]
carrying (aircraft |) vinji (vij):
x1 is an airplane/aircraft [flying vehicle] for | passengers/cargo x2, propelled by x3
carrying (boat |) bloti (lot blo lo'i):
x1 is a boat/ship/vessel [vehicle] for | x2, propelled by x3
carrying (rocket |) jakne:
x1 is a rocket [vehicle] propelled by jet expelling x2 | payload x3
carrying (tray |) palne:
x1 is a tray/platter/flat container [pan/sheet/griddle] of contents x2, and made of material x3
[also pallet, when used for | rather than support on the ground; a tray is flat-bottomed and shallow or without a rim, and is generally portable]
carrying (vehicle |) marce (ma'e):
x1 is a vehicle/mode of transport | x2 in/on surface/medium x3, propelled by x4
carrying (wheeled motor vehicle |) karce:
x1 is a car/automobile/truck/van [a wheeled motor vehicle] for | x2, propelled by x3
carrying (wheeled vehicle |) carce:
x1 is a cart/carriage/wagon [wheeled vehicle] for | x2, propelled by x3
carrying path x5 of bevri
cars trene (ren re'e):
x1 is a train [vehicle] of |/units x2 (mass) for rails/system/railroad x3, propelled by x4
[a railed vehicle or train of vehicles; also subway (= tu'unre'e), metro, trolley, tramway (= lajre'e), roller coaster; monorail (= dadre'e); cable car, sky car, ski lift (= cildadre'e)]
cart x1 of carce
cart 2. carried on | x2 of carce
cart 3. propulsion for | x3 of carce
cart 4. carce:
x1 is a |/carriage/wagon [wheeled vehicle] for carrying x2, propelled by x3
carted x2 of carce
cartilage bongu (bog bo'u):
x1 is a/the bone/ivory [body-part], performing function x2 in body of x3; [metaphor: calcium]
[x2 is likely an abstract: may be structure/support for some body part, but others as well such as the eardrum bones; the former can be expressed as (tu'a le ); |/gristle (= ranbo'u), skeleton (= bo'urgreku)]
carton tanxe (tax ta'e):
x1 is a box/|/trunk/crate for contents x2, and made of material x3
cartoon skina (kin):
x1 is a cinema/movie/film about x2 [plot/theme/subject/activity], filmmaker x3, for audience x4
[also motion picture; x2 may be a convention rather than a subject; |/animation (= selpirci'a skina); television/tv show (= tivyskina, regardless of length, factual content, etc.)]
carves sraku (rak):
x1 [abrasive/cutting/scratching object/implement] scratches/[|]/erodes/cuts [into] x2
, spali)
case krefu (ref ke'u):
x1 (event) is the x3'rd recurrence/repetition of x2 (abstract); x2 happens again in [form] x1
[also |, another, instance, different, other, time, occasion]
case 2. mupli (mup):
x1 is an example/sample/specimen/instance/|/illustration of common property(s) x2 of set x3
cassava species x2 of samcu
cassava x1 of samcu
cassava 2. samcu:
x1 is a quantity of |/taro/manioc/tapioca/yam [edible starchy root] of species/strain x2
castigate sfasa (sfa):
x1 (agent) punishes x2 for infraction x3 (event/state/action) with punishment x4 (event/state)
[also chastise, |, chasten, discipline, correct (one sense); also x4 penalty]
Castillian spano (san):
x1 reflects Spanish-speaking culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
[metaphorical restriction to Spain by contrast with xispo (comparable to the distinction between glico and merko/sralo/brito/kadno); Spain (= sangu'e); Spanish dialects spoken in Spain, especially | (= sansanbau)]
casts (shoots - any propulsion) cecla (cel ce'a):
x1 launches/fires/shoots projectile/missile x2, propelled by x3 [propellant/propulsion]
[also: x1 is a gun/launcher/cannon; x1 hurls/throws/| (more general than renro in that propulsion need not be internal to x1)]
casts (throws - internal to x1 propulsion) renro (rer re'o):
x1 throws/launches/|/hurls x2 to/at/in direction x3 (propulsion derives internally to x1)
, danti)
cat species x2 of mlatu
cat x1 of mlatu
cat 2. tirxu:
x1 is a tiger/leopard/jaguar/[tigress] of species/breed x2 with coat markings x3
[a great | noted/recognized by its markings, metaphorically: stripes, tiger markings]
cat 3. mlatu (lat):
x1 is a |/[puss/pussy/kitten] [feline animal] of species/breed x2; (adjective:) x1 is feline
catalog liste (ste):
x1 (physical object) is a list/|/register of sequence/set x2 in order x3 in medium x4
[also roll, log]; (x2 is completely specified)
cataloged x2 of liste
catapult danti (dan):
x1 is a ballistic projectile [e.g. bullet/missile] for firing by [gun/propelling launcher] x2
[also cannonball, | stone, shot pellet(s)]
catch x1 of kavbu
catch 2. kavbu (kav):
x1 captures/|-es/apprehends/seizes/nabs x2 with trap/restraint x3
[| something thrown (= rerkavbu)]
catches kavbu (kav):
x1 captures/|/apprehends/seizes/nabs x2 with trap/restraint x3
[catch something thrown (= rerkavbu)]
categorization (tree-structured |) jutsi (jut):
x1 is a species of genus x2, family x3, etc.; [open-ended tree-structure |]
[also subspecies, order, phylum; (places do not correspond to specific levels in the hierarchy; rather, x1 is at a "lower" or "bushier" part of the tree than x2, x2 is "lower" than x3, etc.; skipping a place thus means that there is one or more known-and-unspecified levels of hierarchy between the two); not limited to Linnean animal/plant taxonomy]
category klesi (kle lei):
x1 (mass/si'o) is a class/|/subgroup/subset within x2 with defining property x3 (ka)
[also type, kind, classification, species, genus, family, order, phylum]
cattle bakni (bak):
x1 is a cow/|/kine/ox/[bull/steer/calf] [beef-producer/bovine] of species/breed x2
caught x2 of kavbu
causation conditions x3 of rinka
cause (agentive | of being broken) spofu (pof po'u):
x1 is broken/inoperable/broken down/non-utile/not usable for function x2
[agentive break, | to become inoperable (= pofygau, pofyzu'e); accidentally break, as a result of an event, non-agentive (= pofyja'e, nutpofyja'e)]
cause (agentive | with purpose) zukte (zuk zu'e):
x1 is a volitional entity employing means/taking action x2 for purpose/goal x3/to end x3
[also acting at, undertaking, doing; agentive | with volition/purpose; also x3 objective, end]
cause (agentive |) gasnu (gau):
x1 [person/agent] is an agentive | of event x2; x1 does/brings about x2
cause (antecedent of a result) jalge (jag ja'e):
x2 of: x1 (action/event/state) is a result/outcome/conclusion of antecedent/[|] x2 (event/state/process)
[also: x2 gives rise to/[|-s] x1 (= selja'e for reordered places); total (general meaning, but also = me'orja'e, pi'irja'e, sujyja'e)]
cause (explanation) ciksi (cki):
x1 (person) explains x2 (event/state/property) to x3 with explanation x4 (du'u)
[explanation x4 is an underlying mechanism/details/purpose/method for x2 (= velcki for reordered places), generally assumed to be non-obvious; metaphorical usage with the various causal relations (i.e. jalge, mukti, krinu, rinka, nibli, zukte) is possible, but the non-obviousness, and the existence of an explainer with a point of view makes this word not a simple expression of |]
cause anguish x2 of dunku
cause of war x3 of jamna
cause remorse x2 of zungi
cause x1 of rinka
cause 2. see also "nibli" "krinu", "mukti", "jalge", "pruce", "rinka", "zbasu", "galfi", "stika"
cause 3. rinka (rik ri'a):
x1 (event/state) effects/physically |-s effect x2 (event/state) under conditions x3
[x1 is a material condition for x2; x1 gives rise to x2]
caused (of tides/periodic level changes) ctaru:
x1 is a tide [cyclical/periodic expansion] in x2 | by x3
caused (| by people/man) rutni (run):
x1 is an artifact; x1 is artificial; x1 is made/| by people/se kulnu x2; x1 is man-made
caused x2 of gasnu
caused 2. result | x2 of rinka
causes (physically |) rinka (rik ri'a):
x1 (event/state) effects/physically | effect x2 (event/state) under conditions x3
[x1 is a material condition for x2; x1 gives rise to x2]
causes (| result) jalge (jag ja'e):
x2 of: x1 (action/event/state) is a result/outcome/conclusion of antecedent/[cause] x2 (event/state/process)
[also: x2 gives rise to/[|] x1 (= selja'e for reordered places); total (general meaning, but also = me'orja'e, pi'irja'e, sujyja'e)]
causes (| to slow/stop) jabre:
x1 (agent) brakes/| to slow motion/activity x2 with device/mechanism/principle x3
causes disgust rigni (rig):
x1 is repugnant to/| to x2 under conditions x3
causing (flaw |) cfila (cfi):
x1 (property - ka) is a flaw/fault/defect in x2 | x3
causing (rason/justification |) krinu (rin ki'u):
x1 (event/state) is a reason/justification/explanation for/|/permitting x2 (event/state)
causing (seasoning | flavor/effect) tsapi:
x1 is a seasoning/condiment/spice | flavor/effect x2 (event/property)
[also: x1 flavors x2 (tu'a)]
causing (word | valsi (val vla):
of speech acts), x1 is a word meaning/| x2 in language x3; (adjective: x1 is lexical/verbal)
causing (| problems) raktu (ra'u):
x1 (event) troubles/disturbs x2 (person) | problem(s) x3
[also afflicts, is disruptive to, troublesome; x1/x3 are a care to, x2 is troubled by/cares about x1/x3 (= selra'u for reordered places)]
causing weight gravity | x3 of junta
causus belli x3 of jamna
caution kajde (jde):
x1 (event/experience) warns/|-s x2 (person) of/about danger x3 (event/state/property)
[agentive warning (= jdegau, jdezu'e); an attempt to warn which may not succeed (= jdetoi, jdegautoi, jdezuktoi)]
cautions kajde (jde):
x1 (event/experience) warns/| x2 (person) of/about danger x3 (event/state/property)
[agentive warning (= jdegau, jdezu'e); an attempt to warn which may not succeed (= jdetoi, jdegautoi, jdezuktoi)]
cave (sound clue and root of closely related meaning) kevna (kev ke'a):
x1 is a |-ity/hole/hollow/|-rn in x2; x1 is con-| within x2; x2 is hollow at locus x1
[also pit, depression, con-|-ity; hollow (= selke'a)]
cavern kevna (kev ke'a):
x1 is a cavity/hole/hollow/| in x2; x1 is concave within x2; x2 is hollow at locus x1
[also pit, depression, concavity; hollow (= selke'a)]
cavity (oral |) moklu (mol mo'u):
x1 is a/the mouth/oral | [body-part] of x2; (metaphor: entrance/intake for consumption)
[(adjective:) x1 is oral]
cavity x1 of kevna
cavity 2. thing having | x2 of kevna
cavity 3. kevna (kev ke'a):
x1 is a |/hole/hollow/cavern in x2; x1 is concave within x2; x2 is hollow at locus x1
[also pit, depression, concavity; hollow (= selke'a)]
cease x1 of sisti
cease 2. sisti (sti):
x1 [agent] |-s/stops/halts activity/process/state x2 [not necessarily completing it]
ceases (stops) sisti (sti):
x1 [agent] |/stops/halts activity/process/state x2 [not necessarily completing it]
ceases (| at an end/termination point) fanmo (fam fa'o):
x2 of: x1 is an end/finish/termination of thing/process x2; [not necessarily implying completeness]
[x1 is final/last/at the last; x1 is a terminal/terminus of x2; x1 is the final/terminated state of terminated process x2; x2 terminates/|/stops/halts at x1 (= selfa'o for reordered places)]
ceases (| to be observed) canci:
x1 vanishes/disappears from location x2; x1 | to be observed at x2 using senses/sensor x3
[also leaves, goes away (one sense)]
ceases (| to due failure) fliba (fli):
x2 of: x1 fails at doing x2 (state/event); x1 is a failure at its role in x2
[baffled (= pesfli, jmifli, dafspufli, menfli, among other senses); also x2 |/does not complete/fails to continue due to failure on the part of x1]
ceiling (part of the bounds of a room) kumfa (kum ku'a):
x3 of: x1 is a room/chamber of/in structure x2 surrounded by partitions/walls/|/floor x3 (mass/jo'u)
ceiling (roof/lid/top) drudi (rud dru):
x1 is a roof/top/|/lid of x2
over/above something and shelters it from other things above the drudi, mapku)
celebrate x1 of salci
celebrate 2. salci (sla):
x1 |-s/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3
[x3 (and nunsalci) festival/fiesta/celebration/occasion/fair/[holiday (some senses)]; not limited to the ameliorative interpretation of '|': funeral (= mrobixsla)]
celebrated (esteemed) sinma (si'a):
x2 of: x1 esteems/respects/venerates/highly regards x2 [object of respect]
[also: x2 is respected/esteemed/| (= selsi'a for reordered places)]
celebrated (honored by event/activity) salci (sla):
x2 of: x1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3; x2 is | with activity x3
[x3 (and nunsalci) festival/fiesta/celebration/occasion/fair/[holiday (some senses)]; not limited to the ameliorative interpretation of 'celebrate': funeral (= mrobixsla)]
celebrated (of a celebration) salci (sla):
x3 of: x1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3; celebration x3 is | by x1
[x3 (and nunsalci) festival/fiesta/celebration/occasion/fair/[holiday (some senses)]; not limited to the ameliorative interpretation of 'celebrate': funeral (= mrobixsla)]
celebrated (renowned) misno (mis mi'o):
x1 (person/object/event) is famous/renowned/is a celebrity among community of persons x2 (mass)
[also |/well-known; (derogative meanings:) notorious/infamous (= malmi'o; these could also be expressed using the referenced words)]
celebrated x2 of salci
celebrates salci (sla):
x1 |/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3
[x3 (and nunsalci) festival/fiesta/celebration/occasion/fair/[holiday (some senses)]; not limited to the ameliorative interpretation of 'celebrate': funeral (= mrobixsla)]
celebration x3 of salci
celebration 2. salci (sla):
x3 of: x1 celebrates/recognizes/honors x2 (event/abstract) with activity/[party] x3; | x3 is celebrated by x1
[x3 (and nunsalci) festival/fiesta/|/occasion/fair/[holiday (some senses)]; not limited to the ameliorative interpretation of 'celebrate': funeral (= mrobixsla)]
celebrity misno (mis mi'o):
x1 (person/object/event) is famous/renowned/is a | among community of persons x2 (mass)
[also celebrated/well-known; (derogative meanings:) notorious/infamous (= malmi'o; these could also be expressed using the referenced words)]
celestial (of outer space) kensa (kes):
x1 is outer space near/associated with | body/region x2
celestial (of the sky) tsani (tan):
x1 is an expanse of sky/the heavens at place x2; [|]
celestial body x2 of kensa
cell x1 of selci
cell 2. thing having | x2 of selci
cell 3. selci (sle):
x1 is a |/atom/unit/molecule of x2; x1 is an indivisible, most basic subunit of x2
(x2 generally has mass nature)
cell 4. tsiju (tsi):
x1(s) is/are (a) seed(s)/spore(s) [body-part] of organism x2 for producing offspring x3
[also germ |; implies actual potential for self-development; seeds generally contain embryo and food, and hence would include a fertilized egg]
celled jurme (jum):
x1 is a bacteria/germ/microbe/protozoan/amoeba [1-| life] of species/defining property x2
cello jgita (git):
x1 is guitar/violin/fiddle/harp [stringed musical instrument] with actuator/plectrum/bow x2
[also lute, viola, |]
Celtic skoto (kot ko'o):
x1 reflects Gaelic/Scottish culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
[Irish (= sicko'o), Scottish (= sunko'o), | (= dzeko'o), Welsh (= nanko'o), Breton (= fasko'o); since Scottish/Gaelic is only the northern branch of the | tribes, many would prefer a le'avla for |; nationalism might also demand a separate le'avla for Irish]
cent x1 of fepni
cent 2. money system of | x3 of fepni
cent 3. fepni (fep fei):
x1 is measured in kopeck/| money-subunits as x2 [quantity], in monetary system x3
[also pfennig, paisa, sen, fen, dinar, etc.; x1 is generally a price/cost/value]; (additional secondary, tertiary, etc. subunit places may be added as x4, x5, x6, ...)
center (metaphorical narge (nag):
of a nut or nut-like object), x4 of: x1 is a nut [body-part: hard-shelled fruit] from plant/species x2 with shell x3 and | x4
[also x4 nucleus, center (= velnarge for place reordering)]
center (middle) midju (mij):
x1 is in/at the middle/|/midpoint/[is a focus] of x2; (adjective:) x1 is central
center (shopping |) zarci (zac zai):
x1 is a market/store/exchange/shop(s) selling/trading (for) x2, operated by/with participants x3
[also: mall, marketplace, shopping |, cooperative, bazaar, trading post, mart; the concept is the function of selling/exchanging coupled with a location, and is more oriented to the larger concept of marketplace than the stalls/shops that comprise it, though it does not exclude the latter individual shops (= zaisle); x3 may include both owners/proprietors and customers in some markets, but in most contexts refers only to the operators]
center see also "middle", "neutral", "focus"
centi- (metric prefix) centi (cen):
x1 is a hundredth [1/100; 1x10**-2] of x2 in dimension/aspect x3 (default is units)
central midju (mij):
x1 is in/at the middle/center/midpoint/[is a focus] of x2; (adjective:) x1 is |
cents number of | x2 of fepni
cents 2. worth in | x2 of fepni
ceramic composition x3 of staku
ceramic form x4 of staku
ceramic x1 of staku
ceramic 2. make | x2 of staku
ceramic 3. staku (tak):
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of | made by x2, of composition x3, in form/shape x4
[made of baked clay or other non-metallic solid; x3: composition including x3, which need not be complete specification]
cereal gurni (gru):
x1 is grain/[British: corn]/| from plant/species x2
cerebral (of the brain) besna (ben):
x1 is a/the brain [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: intelligence, mental control]
[also |]
ceremonialized x2 of ritli
ceremony ritli (ri'i):
x1 is a rite/|/ritual for purpose/goal x2, by custom/in community x3, with form/rules x4
[also: x1 is formal, [legal]; x1 is 'going through the motions']; x4 constraints/customs
certain thing x1 of birti
certain birti (bit):
x1 is |/sure/positive/convinced that x2 is true
certainty x2 of birti
cesium sodna:
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of alkali metal of type x2 [default sodium]
[also potassium, lithium, |]; [soda]
chain material x2 of linsi
chain property x3 of linsi
chain x1 of linsi
chain 2. linsi (lin):
x1 is a length of |/links of material x2 with link properties x3
chair x1 of stizu
chair 2. stizu (tiz):
x1 is a |/stool/seat/bench, a piece or portion of a piece of furniture intended for sitting
chalk form x3 of bakri
chalk source x2 of bakri
chalk x1 of bakri
chalk 2. bakri:
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of | from source x2 in form x3
challenge property x3 of talsa
challenge x1 of talsa
challenge 2. talsa (tal):
x1 (person) |-s x2 at/in property x3
challenged x2 of talsa
challenges (calls for/demands proof/accountability) talsa (tal):
x1 (person) | x2 at/in property x3
challenges (is difficult) nandu (nad):
x1 is difficult/hard/challenging for x2 under conditions x3; x1 | (non-agentive) x2
challenging nandu (nad):
x1 is difficult/hard/| for x2 under conditions x3; x1 challenges (non-agentive) x2
chamber kumfa (kum ku'a):
x1 is a room/| of/in structure x2 surrounded by partitions/walls/ceiling/floor x3 (mass/jo'u)
chameleon jbera (jer):
x1 (agent) borrows/temporarily takes/assumes x2 (object) from source x3 for interval x4
[credit (= jernu'e); borrow/assume a property or quality as a | does (= zaskai, zasysmitra, zasysmitai)]
chance (by |) cunso (cun cu'o):
x1 is random/fortuitous/unpredictable under conditions x2, with probability distribution x3
[also accidental, chancy, by |, adventitious, arbitrary (also = cuncu'a, cunselcu'a, cunjdi, cunseljdi; based on "unpredictable")]
chancy cunso (cun cu'o):
x1 is random/fortuitous/unpredictable under conditions x2, with probability distribution x3
[also accidental, |, by chance, adventitious, arbitrary (also = cuncu'a, cunselcu'a, cunjdi, cunseljdi; based on "unpredictable")]
change (expected to |: temporary) zasni (zas):
x1 is temporary/not permanent/expected to | in property x2 (ka) by standard/expectant x3
[also transient]
change locus sudden | x2 of suksa
change with sudden | x3 of suksa
changed into thing | x2 of binxo
changed x2 of galfi
changes (adjusts) stika (tik):
x1 (event) adjusts/regulates/| x2 (ka/ni) in amount/degree x3
[non-resultative, causal |; agentive adjust (= tikygau, tikyzu'e)]
changes (becomes/| into) binxo (bix bi'o):
x1 becomes/|/converts/transforms into x2 under conditions x3
[resultative, not-necessarily causal, |]
changes (modifies into) galfi (gaf ga'i):
x1 (event) modifies/alters/|/transforms/converts x2 into x3
[causal, resultative |; agentive modify (= gafygau, gafyzu'e)]
changes (suddenly :) suksa (suk):
x1 (event/state) is sudden/sharply | at stage/point x2 in process/property/function x3
[also abrupt, discontinuous]
changes (varies) cenba (cne):
x1 varies/| in property/quantity x2 (ka/ni) in amount/degree x3 under conditions x4
[non-resultative, not-necessarily causal |]
channel (canal naxle (nax xle):
man-made or -enhanced waterway), x1 is a canal/| to x2 from x3 with route x4
[x2/x3 may be unordered]
channel (sensory | with noise) savru (sav vru):
x3 of: x1 is a noise/din/clamor [sensory input without useful information] to x2 via sensory | x3
channel (sensory |) ganse (gas ga'e):
x3 of: x1 [observer] senses/detects/notices stimulus property x2 (ka) by means x3 under conditions x4
[x1 is sensitive to x2; also feels, spots, perceives, makes out, discerns/recognizes (but only implying reaction without necessarily any significant mental processing); note that the emphasis is on a property which stimulates x1 and is detected (sanji is passive about the sensing, and is not limited to sensory input, as well as presuming some kind of discernment/recognition, while not being concerned with the means of detection); x3 sense/sensory |]
channel (television broadcast |) tivni (tiv):
x3 of: x1 [broadcaster] televises programming x2 via medium/| x3 to television receiver x4
[x2 programming (mass), program/show (individual)]
channel noise | x3 of savru
channel 2. television | x3 of tivni
chants sanga (sag sa'a):
x1 sings/| x2 [song/hymn/melody/melodic sounds] to audience x3
[melody (= sa'azgi, ralsa'azgi), harmony (= saxsa'azgi), harmonize/sing harmony (= saxsa'a), song (= selsa'a)]
chaos (disorganized) ganzu (gaz):
x1 organizes x2 [relative |] into x3 [ordered/organized result] by system/principle(s) x4
[x3 is also a system; x4 could be merely a function which inherently serves to dictate the organizational structure of x3]
chaotic property x2 of kalsa
chaotic x1 of kalsa
chaotic 2. kalsa (kas):
x1 is |/disordered in property/aspect x2 (ka)
character set x2 of lerfu
character lerfu (ler le'u):
x1 (la'e zo BY/word-bu) is a letter/digit/symbol in alphabet/|-set x2 representing x3
[also x1 glyph, rune, | (also me'o BY/word-bu), x2 symbol set; (adjective:) x1 is alphabetic/symbolic; "letteral" used by analogy with "numeral"; sinxa is the more generic symbol]
characteristic x2 of ckaji
characteristics (planetary |) plini:
x1 is a planet revolving around x2 with planetary | x3, orbital parameters x4
characteristics (satellite |) mluni (lun):
x1 is a satellite/moon orbiting x2 with | x3, orbital parameters x4
characteristics (temporary |) tcini:
x1 [state/property] is a situation/condition/state/position/are conditions/circumstances of x2
[| or environment of an object/event/process stage or state that are typically/potentially only temporary]
characterization of era x2 of cedra
characterized (defining an era) cedra:
x1 is an era/epoch/age | by x2 (event/property/interval/idea)
(x2 interval should be the defining boundaries; if merely a characterizing period, the nature of the interval should be expressed in an abstract bridi, or the interval should be marked with tu'a; x2 may also be characteristic object(s) or practices of the era, if marked with tu'a)
characterized (| by a property) ckaji (kai):
x1 has/is | by property/feature/trait/aspect/dimension x2 (ka); x2 is manifest in x1
[manifested/property/quality/trait/feature/aspect (= selkai)]
characterized is | x1 of ckaji
charcoal tabno (tab):
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of carbon/graphite/[diamond]/|; x1 is organic
charge (electric |) dikca (dic):
x1 is electricity [electric | or current] in/on x2 of polarity/quantity x3 (default negative)
[(x3, a quantifier, can be expressed as a simple polarity using the numerals for positive and negative ma'u and ni'u); (explicitly) negative (= dutydikca), positive (= mardikca); current (= (sel)muvdikca; again default negative/electron current), | (= klodikca, stadikca)]
charge (has | jatna (ja'a):
leadership), x1 is captain/commander/leader/in-| of vehicle/domain x2
charge amount of | x3 of dikca
charge 2. electric | x1 of dikca
charge 3. object/location holding | x2 of dikca
charged for x4 of pleji
charged x2 of dikca
chart subject x2 of cartu
chart x1 of cartu
chart 2. thing shown on | x3 of cartu
chart 3. cartu (cat):
x1 is a |/diagram/map of/about x2 showing formation/data-points x3
charter of a committee x2 of kamni
chartered (of a company/organization) kagni (kag):
x1 is a company/corporation/firm/partnership | by authority x2 for purpose x3
[also enterprise/organization (if |)]
chase x1 of jersi
chase 2. jersi (je'i):
x1 |-s/pursues/(physically) follows after x2; volition is not implied for x1 or x2
[x1 follows after x2]
chased x2 of jersi
chases jersi (je'i):
x1 |/pursues/(physically) follows after x2; volition is not implied for x1 or x2
[x1 follows after x2]
chasm fenra (fer fe'a):
x1 is a crack/fissure/pass/cleft/ravine/|/[defect/flaw] [shape/form] in x2
chasten sfasa (sfa):
x1 (agent) punishes x2 for infraction x3 (event/state/action) with punishment x4 (event/state)
[also chastise, castigate, |, discipline, correct (one sense); also x4 penalty]
chastise sfasa (sfa):
x1 (agent) punishes x2 for infraction x3 (event/state/action) with punishment x4 (event/state)
[also |, castigate, chasten, discipline, correct (one sense); also x4 penalty]
chat nunsnu:
x1 is an event of x2(s) (mass normally, but 1 individual/jo'u possible) discussing/talking about topic/subject x3
[also x1 is a |/conversation/discussion/palaver]
chat 2. tavla (tav ta'a):
x1 talks/speaks to x2 about subject x3 in language x4
[not limited to vocal speech, but this is implied by the x4 without context of some other medium of conversation (use cusku, casnu, skicu, ciksi for weaker implication of vocal communication); converse/discuss/| (= simta'a, simsku, vricysimta'a for a conversation not clearly delimited by subject)]
chat 3. casnu (snu):
x1(s) (mass normally, but 1 individual/jo'u possible) discuss(es)/talk(s) about topic/subject x2
[also |, converse]
chattel x2 of ponse
cheap (inexpensive) consider metaphor "(na'e)-costly" (= (nalkargu)
cheap (of metal tinci:
tinny), x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of tin (Sn); [metaphor: | or base metal]
cheat tcica (tic):
x1 (event/experience) misleads/deceives/dupes/fools/|-s/tricks x2 into x3 (event/state)
[agentive deception (= tcicygau, tcicyzu'e); x3 could be an action or a belief on the part of x2; harmful intent or result is not implied (= maltcicyzu'e for such harmful intent); self deception (= sevytcica); deceive/trick into misguided action (= ticyxlu); misguided belief (= tickri); lie/tell an untruth (= ticysku, jifsku), white lie (= zanticysku)]
cheats tcica (tic):
x1 (event/experience) misleads/deceives/dupes/fools/|/tricks x2 into x3 (event/state)
[agentive deception (= tcicygau, tcicyzu'e); x3 could be an action or a belief on the part of x2; harmful intent or result is not implied (= maltcicyzu'e for such harmful intent); self deception (= sevytcica); deceive/trick into misguided action (= ticyxlu); misguided belief (= tickri); lie/tell an untruth (= ticysku, jifsku), white lie (= zanticysku)]
check (account as at a restaurant), consider metaphor "restaurant-account" (= gustyjanta), "bar-account" (= barjyjanta)
check (used in payment) consider metaphor "bank-money-symbol" (= baxydinsni), "bank-money-(se)-promise" (= baxydinselnu'e)
cheese source x2 of cirla
cheese x1 of cirla
cheese 2. cirla:
x1 is a quantity of/contains |/curd from source x2
chemical element x2 of ratni
chemical purity x3 of xukmi
chemical x1 of xukmi
chemical 2. kind of | x2 of xukmi
chemical 3. xukmi (xum xu'i):
x1 is an instance of substance/|/drug x2 (individual or mass) with purity x3
cheque (used in payment) consider metaphor "bank-money-symbol" (= baxydinsni), "bank-money-(se)-promise" (= baxydinselnu'e)
chest x1 of cutne
chest 2. thing having | x2 of cutne
chest 3. tanxe (tax ta'e):
x1 is a box/carton/trunk/| for contents x2, and made of material x3
chest 4. cutne (cut):
x1 is a/the |/thorax/upper trunk/[rib cage/breast] [body-part] of x2
chicken egg sovda (sov so'a):
x1 is an egg/ovum/sperm/pollen/gamete of/from organism [mother/father] x2
[(poorly metaphorical only due to gender- and species- being unspecified): ovoid, oblate (= pevysovyseltai, but better: claboi); egg, specifically female (= fetso'a), of a bird (= cpifetso'a, cpiso'a), | (= jipcyfetso'a, jipcyso'a] (but note that Lojban does not require specificity, just as English doesn't for either milk or eggs; "sovda" is fine for most contexts); [if fertilized, then tsiju or tarbi]
chicken species x2 of jipci
chicken x1 of jipci
chicken 2. jipci:
x1 is a |/[hen/cock/rooster]/small fowl [a type of bird] of species/breed x2
chicory ckafi (kaf):
x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of coffee from source/bean/grain x2
[brew based on a seed/bean/grain; e.g. also | coffee, decaf, postum]
chief (main) ralju (ral):
x1 is principal/|/leader/main/[staple], most significant among x2 (set) in property x3 (ka)
[staple (= ralselpra); general/admiral/president/principal leader (= ralja'a, ralterbe'e; use additional terms to distinguish among these); also primary, prime, (adverb:) chiefly, principally, mainly; (x2 is complete specification of set)]
chief (ultimate leader/commander) jatna (ja'a):
x1 is |/commander/leader/in-charge of vehicle/domain x2
chiefly ralju (ral):
x1 is principal/chief/leader/main/[staple], most significant among x2 (set) in property x3 (ka)
[staple (= ralselpra); general/admiral/president/principal leader (= ralja'a, ralterbe'e; use additional terms to distinguish among these); also primary, prime, (adverb:) |, principally, mainly; (x2 is complete specification of set)]
child (juvenile) verba (ver ve'a):
x1 is a |/kid/juvenile [a young person] of age x2, immature by standard x3
[not necessarily human]
child (offspring) panzi (paz):
x1 is a [biological] offspring/|/kid/hybrid of parent(s) x2; (adjective:) x1 is filial
child (parented) rirni (rir):
x2 of: x1 is a parent of/raises/rears x2; x1 mentors/acts parental toward |/protege x2
child standard x3 of verba
child's age x2 of verba
child x1 of verba
child 2. x2 of patfu
child 3. see also "procreate", "boy", "girl", infant"
chime x2 of janbe
chime 2. janbe (jab):
x1 is a bell/|/[tuning fork] [tuned percussion instrument] producing sound/note x2
[also: x1 rings/tolls (i.e. if it rings, then it is a bell); resonates (one sense, = jabdesku)]
chimpanzee smani:
x1 is a monkey/ape/simian/baboon/| of species/breed x2
Chinese aspect x2 of jungo
Chinese x1 of jungo
Chinese 2. jungo (jug):
x1 reflects | [Mandarin, Cantonese, Wu, etc.] culture/nationality/language in aspect x2
chlorine x1 of kliru
chlorine 2. kliru:
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of halogen of type x2 [|, fluorine, iodine, etc.]
[also bromine; default |]
chocolate x1 of cakla
chocolate 2. cakla:
x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of |/cocoa
choice (something chosen) cuxna (cux cu'a):
x2 of: x1 chooses/selects x2 [|] from set/sequence of alternatives x3 (complete set)
[also prefer (= nelcu'a)]
choice (the set of alternatives that can be chosen) cuxna (cux cu'a):
x3 of: x1 chooses/selects x2 [|] from set/sequence of alternatives x3 (complete set)
[also prefer (= nelcu'a)]
choices x3 of cuxna
choose x1 of cuxna
choose 2. cuxna (cux cu'a):
x1 |-s/selects x2 [choice] from set/sequence of alternatives x3 (complete set)
[also prefer (= nelcu'a)]
chooses cuxna (cux cu'a):
x1 |/selects x2 [choice] from set/sequence of alternatives x3 (complete set)
[also prefer (= nelcu'a)]
chopsticks cinza:
x1 is a/are tong(s)/|/pincers/tweezers/pliers [tool/body-part] for x2 to pinch x3
chosen x2 of cuxna
Christian (as part of the Judeo-Christian-Muslim monotheistic tradition) jegvo (jeg je'o):
x1 pertains to the common Judeo-|-Muslim culture/religion/nationality in aspect x2
Christian aspect x2 of xriso
Christian x1 of xriso
Christian 2. xriso (xis xi'o):
x1 pertains to the | religion/culture/nationality in aspect x2
chrome metal x2 of romge
chrome x1 of romge
chrome 2. romge (rog):
x1 is a highly reflective/polished non-tarnishing metallic surface, of metal x2 [often |-ium]
chromium romge (rog):
x1 is a highly reflective/polished non-tarnishing metallic surface, of metal x2 [often |]
chromosome jgina (gin):
x1 is a gene of creature [or locus on creature] x2 determining trait/process x3
[also | = (gincilta, ginpoi)]
chunk spisa (spi):
x1 [object/substance] is a piece/portion/lump/|/particle of x2 [substance]
church (organized | lijda (jda):
a mass of people), x1 is a religion of believers including x2 sharing common beliefs/practices/tenets including x3
[also mythos, creed, traditional beliefs, x2 people(s), adherents; (adjective:) x1, x2, x3 are religious/ecclesiastic in nature; x2 is a believer in/of x1, an adherent/follower of x1 (= seljda for reordered places); x2 is a practitioner of x3 (= selterjda for reordered places); x3 is a tenet/belief/ritual/creed of x1/x2 (= terjda for reordered places); priest/clerical (= jdaca'i, jdaka'i, jdaja'a); organized |/religion (= be'ejda), congregation (= jdabe'e, jdagri)]
church (temple) malsi (mas):
x1 is a temple/|/sanctuary/synagogue/shrine of religion x2 at location/serving area x3
[x2 may be event of form (... worships/pays/respect to ...), hence (metaphorically extending to) monument (= mojmalsi, si'armalsi)]
chutzpah darsi:
x1 shows audacity/| in behavior x2 (event/activity); x1 dares to do/be x2 (event/ka)
[x1 is bold]
cigar maker x3 of sigja
cigar material x2 of sigja
cigar x1 of sigja
cigar 2. sigja (sig):
x1 is a |/cigarette/cigarillo made from tobacco/smokable substance x2 by x3
cigarette sigja (sig):
x1 is a cigar/|/cigarillo made from tobacco/smokable substance x2 by x3
cigarillo sigja (sig):
x1 is a cigar/cigarette/| made from tobacco/smokable substance x2 by x3
cinema (film) skina (kin):
x1 is a |/movie/film about x2 [plot/theme/subject/activity], filmmaker x3, for audience x4
[also motion picture; x2 may be a convention rather than a subject; cartoon/animation (= selpirci'a skina); television/tv show (= tivyskina, regardless of length, factual content, etc.)]
cinema audience x4 of skina
cinema x1 of skina
cipher (encoded text) mifra (mif):
x1 is encoded/| text of plain-text x2 by code/coding system x3; x1 is in code; x3 is a code
[code (= termifra)]
cipher x3 of mifra
ciphertext mifra (mif):
x1 is encoded/| of plain-text x2 by code/coding system x3; x1 is in code; x3 is a code
[code (= termifra)]
circle (ideal form) tarmi (tam tai):
x1 [ideal] is the conceptual shape/form of object/abstraction/manifestation x2 (object/abstract)
[also pattern; x1 is the mathematical or theoretical ideal form, while x2 is an object/event manifesting that form; e.g. circular/|-shaped (= cukseltai) vs. | (=cuktai, while cukla alone is ambiguous); model (= ci'ersaptai, saptai, ci'ersmitai, smitai)]
circle (ring) djine (jin):
x1 is a ring/annulus/torus/| [shape/form] of material x2, inside diameter x3, outside diameter x4
[also ellipse, oval (= jincla); (usage has been for near-circles, such as tight spirals, even if not closed loops)]; [also band, belt, encircle (= jinsru)]
circle (round object) cukla (cuk):
x1 is round/circular [2-dimensional shape/form]; x1 is a disk/|/ring
[normally used for a filled-in |/disk, but emphasis on roundness means that the concept may include 'ring']
circle-shaped (object with form) tarmi (tam tai):
x1 [ideal] is the conceptual shape/form of object/abstraction/manifestation x2 (object/abstract)
[also pattern; x1 is the mathematical or theoretical ideal form, while x2 is an object/event manifesting that form; e.g. circular/| (= cukseltai) vs. circle (=cuktai, while cukla alone is ambiguous); model (= ci'ersaptai, saptai, ci'ersmitai, smitai)]
circling sruri (rur sru):
x1 encircles/encloses/is surrounding x2 in direction(s)/dimension(s)/plane x3
[(jinsru =) x1 is a ring/belt/band/girdle around/|/ringing x2 near total containment in some dimension(s)]
circuit clupa (cup):
x1 is a loop/| of x2 [material]
[also noose (= skoclupa, saljgeclupa; there is no indication of shape, but merely that the ends join/meet); closed curve defined by set of points (= cuptai)]
circular (of a round object) cukla (cuk):
x1 is round/| [2-dimensional shape/form]; x1 is a disk/circle/ring
[normally used for a filled-in circle/disk, but emphasis on roundness means that the concept may include 'ring']
circular (of an object) tarmi (tam tai):
x1 [ideal] is the conceptual shape/form of object/abstraction/manifestation x2 (object/abstract)
[also pattern; x1 is the mathematical or theoretical ideal form, while x2 is an object/event manifesting that form; e.g. |/circle-shaped (= cukseltai) vs. circle (=cuktai, while cukla alone is ambiguous); model (= ci'ersaptai, saptai, ci'ersmitai, smitai)]
circumstance (| for replacement) basti (bas):
x3 of: x1 replaces/substitutes for/instead of x2 in | x3; x1 is a replacement/substitute
[also: x1 trades places with x2]
circumstances (properties of a situation) tcini:
x1 [state/property] is a situation/condition/state/position/are conditions/| of x2
[characteristics or environment of an object/event/process stage or state that are typically/potentially only temporary]
circumvented something | x2 of fanta
CIS softo (sof):
x1 reflects Russian empire/USSR/ex-USSR/| culture/nationality in aspect x2
cite x1 of sitna
cite 2. sitna (sit):
x1 |-s/quotes/refers to/makes reference to source x2 for information/statement x3 (du'u)
cited information x3 of sitna
cited x2 of sitna
cites sitna (sit):
x1 |/quotes/refers to/makes reference to source x2 for information/statement x3 (du'u)
citrus species x2 of nimre
citrus x1 of nimre
citrus 2. nimre:
x1 is a quantity of | [fruit/tree, etc.] of species/strain x2
city (| of suburb) jarbu:
x1 is a suburban area of |/metropolis x2
city block tapla:
x1 is a tile/cake [shape/form] of material x2, shape x3, thickness x4
[a tile is a 3-dimensional object, relatively uniform and significant in the 3rd dimension, but thin enough that its shape in the the other two dimensions is a significant feature; '|' is conceptually a tile; polygon (= taplytai or kardytai - shaped like an approximately-2-dimensional block, li'irclupa - a loop composed of lines)]
city extent x2 of tcadu
city hinterland x4 of tcadu
city of suburb x2 of jarbu
city x1 of tcadu
city 2. polity with | x3 of tcadu
city 3. tcadu (tca):
x1 is a town/| of metropolitan area x2, in political unit x3, serving hinterland/region x4
[also (adjective:) x1 is urban]
civil (pertaining to a polity/citizen) jecta (jec je'a):
x1 is a polity/state governing territory/domain x2; [government/territory relationship]
[(adjective:) x1 is |/political]
civil (polite) clite (lit):
x1 is polite/courteous/| in matter x2 according to standard/custom x3
[also formal, ritual]
claims xusra (xus xu'a):
x1 (agent) asserts/|/declares x2 (du'u) is true [can be used for epistemology of authority]
[also: x1 states/says that/affirms/purports to know that x2]
clambers cpare (par):
x1 climbs/|/creeps/crawls on surface x2 in direction x3 using x4 [limbs/tools]
clammy (pertaining to clay) kliti (kit):
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of clay [moist, | dirt] of composition including x2
clamor savru (sav vru):
x1 is a noise/din/| [sensory input without useful information] to x2 via sensory channel x3
clan lanzu (laz):
x1 (mass) is a family with members including x2 bonded/tied/joined according to standard x3
[also |, tribe; x2 is in x1, a member of x1 (selylanzu for reordered places), relative of (= lazmi'u - xy mintu y'y leka cmima da poi lanzu)]
clarinet xagri:
x1 is a oboe/|/saxophone [reed musical instrument] with reed x2
class (category) klesi (kle lei):
x1 (mass/si'o) is a |/category/subgroup/subset within x2 with defining property x3 (ka)
[also type, kind, classification, species, genus, family, order, phylum]
class (upper-|) nobli (nol no'i):
x1 is noble/aristocratic/elite/high-born/titled in/under culture/society/standard x2
[also upper-|; high/low, upper/lower are poor Lojban metaphors; note x2 standard applies when the title/nobility is not recognized culture/society wide; this would include self-assumed titles]
class x1 of klesi
class 2. contain | x2 of klesi
class 3. define | x3 of klesi
class 4. structure word | x2 of cmavo
classification klesi (kle lei):
x1 (mass/si'o) is a class/|/category/subgroup/subset within x2 with defining property x3 (ka)
[also type, kind, |, species, genus, family, order, phylum]
claw x1 of jgalu
claw 2. thing having | x2 of jgalu
claw 3. jgalu (ja'u):
x1 is a/the |/nail/talon [body-part] of x2; [metaphor: pointed, penetrating, physical weapon]
clawed x2 of jgalu
clay composition x2 of kliti
clay x1 of kliti
clay 2. staku (tak):
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of ceramic made by x2, of composition x3, in form/shape x4
[made of baked | or other non-metallic solid; x3: composition including x3, which need not be complete specification]
clay 3. kliti (kit):
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of | [moist, clammy dirt] of composition including x2
clean x1 of jinsa
clean 2. jinsa (jis):
x1 (object) is |/pure of material/contaminant/dirt x2 by standard x3
cleaned away material | x2 of jinsa
cleaning material x4 of lumci
cleaning material 2. lumci (lum lu'i):
x4 of: x1 (agent) washes/cleanses x2 of soil/contaminant x3 in/with | material(s) x4
[agentless washing/cleansing (= cuvbi'o, jisybi'o)]
cleanness standard x3 of jinsa
cleanser x4 of lumci
cleanses lumci (lum lu'i):
x1 (agent) washes/| x2 of soil/contaminant x3 in/with cleaning material(s) x4
[agentless washing/cleansing (= cuvbi'o, jisybi'o)]
cleansing lumci (lum lu'i):
x1 (agent) washes/cleanses x2 of soil/contaminant x3 in/with cleaning material(s) x4
[agentless washing/| (= cuvbi'o, jisybi'o)]
clear (understandable) see also "understand"; consider metaphor "easy-(se)-understand" (= filseljmi)
clear x1 of klina
clear 2. klina (kli):
x1 (object/medium) is |/transparent/without obstacle to in-the-| x2 [transmission]
[also lucid; x2 remains apparent/lucid/| (figurative use for 'understandable' is discouraged)]
clearly transmitted | x2 of klina
cleft fenra (fer fe'a):
x1 is a crack/fissure/pass/|/ravine/chasm/[defect/flaw] [shape/form] in x2
clerical lijda (jda):
x1 is a religion of believers including x2 sharing common beliefs/practices/tenets including x3
[also mythos, creed, traditional beliefs, x2 people(s), adherents; (adjective:) x1, x2, x3 are religious/ecclesiastic in nature; x2 is a believer in/of x1, an adherent/follower of x1 (= seljda for reordered places); x2 is a practitioner of x3 (= selterjda for reordered places); x3 is a tenet/belief/ritual/creed of x1/x2 (= terjda for reordered places); priest/| (= jdaca'i, jdaka'i, jdaja'a); organized church/religion (= be'ejda), congregation (= jdabe'e, jdagri)]
climate tcima (tim ti'a):
x1 is weather at place/region x2; (adjective:) x1 is meteorological
[| (= citsyti'a, timymo'a)]
climb x1 of cpare
climb 2. cpare (par):
x1 |-s/clambers/creeps/crawls on surface x2 in direction x3 using x4 [limbs/tools]
climbed direction | x3 of cpare
climbed 2. surface | x2 of cpare
climbing (purpose of stairs) serti (ser):
x1 are stairs/stairway/steps for | structure x2 with steps x3
climbing tool x4 of cpare
climbs (on a surface) cpare (par):
x1 |/clambers/creeps/crawls on surface x2 in direction x3 using x4 [limbs/tools]
clitoris pinji:
x1 is a/the |/penis [projecting reproductive organ; body-part] of x2
[normally context eliminates need for specificity; otherwise: penis (= nakpinji), | (= fetpinji)]
cloak (outer garment) kosta (kos):
x1 is a coat/jacket/sweater/|/[cape/shawl/pullover] [extra outer garment] of material x2
cloak (robe/full length garment) pastu (pas):
x1 is a robe/tunic/gown/|/dress/[coveralls] [a long/full body garment] of material x2
[also coveralls (= paspalku)]
clock mechanism x4 of junla
clock x1 of junla
clock 2. measured by | x2 of junla
clock 3. junla (jul):
x1 is |/watch/timer measuring time units x2 to precision x3 with timing mechanism/method x4
[also timepiece]
clone (copy) fukpi (fuk fu'i):
x1 is a copy/replica/duplicate/| of x2 in form/medium x3 made by method x4 (event)
closable botpi (bot bo'i):
x1 is a bottle/jar/urn/flask/| container for x2, made of material x3 with lid x4
close (near) jibni (jbi):
x1 is near/| to/approximates x2 in property/quantity x3 (ka/ni)
close similarity (parallel) panra:
x1 parallels x2 differing only in property x3 (ka; jo'u/fa'u term) by standard/geometry x4
[also: x1 is parallel to x2, x3 is the only difference between x1 and x2 (= terpanra for reordered places); x1 and x2 are alike/similar/[congruent]; a parallel involves extreme |/correspondence across the entirety of the things being compared, generally involving multiple properties, with focus placed on one or a small number of differences]
closed (not open) ganlo (ga'o):
x1 (portal/passage/entrance-way) is |/shut/not open, preventing passage/access to x2 by x3
[as a doorway, but also perhaps a semi-permeable membrane]
closed curve clupa (cup):
x1 is a loop/circuit of x2 [material]
[also noose (= skoclupa, saljgeclupa; there is no indication of shape, but merely that the ends join/meet); | defined by set of points (= cuptai)]
closed off x2 of ganlo
closed x1 of ganlo
closure stopped by | x3 of ganlo
cloth (fabric) bukpu (buk bu'u):
x1 is an amount of |/fabric of type/material x2
cloth (knitted |) nivji (niv):
x2 of: x1 (agent) knits x2 [|/object] from yarn/thread x3
cloth (woven) jivbu:
x2 of: x1 weaves | x2 from material/[yarn] x3
cloth material x2 of bukpu
cloth x1 of bukpu
clothesless lunbe (lub):
x1 is bare/naked/nude; x1 is without cover/|/[protection]
clothing taxfu (taf ta'u):
x1 is dress/a garment/| for wearing by x2 (gender/species/body part) serving purpose x3
[also: x2 can wear/is wearing x1; refers to something intended for use as a garment, not merely something that happens to be worn at some time (which need not be true for dasni)]
cloud base elevation x4 of dilnu
cloud material x2 of dilnu
cloud x1 of dilnu
cloud 2. dilnu (dil):
x1 is a |/mass of |s of material x2 in air mass x3 at floor/base elevation x4
cloudy x3 of dilnu
cloying dukse (dus du'e):
x1 is an excess of/too much of x2 by standard x3
[| (= maldu'e, tolpu'adu'e)]
clump bakfu (baf):
x1 is a bundle/package/cluster/|/pack [shape/form] containing x2, held together by x3
clumsiness standard x2 of juxre
clumsy x1 of juxre
clumsy 2. juxre (jux):
x1 (action) is |/awkward by standard x2
cluster (clump/bundle) bakfu (baf):
x1 is a bundle/package/|/clump/pack [shape/form] containing x2, held together by x3
cluster (group) girzu (gir gri):
x1 is group/|/team showing common property (ka) x2 due to set x3 linked by relations x4
[also collection, team, comprised of, comprising; members x3 (a specification of the complete membership) comprise group x1; | (= kangri)]
clutches jgari (jai):
x1 grasps/holds/|/seizes/grips/[hugs] x2 with x3 (part of x1) at locus x4 (part of x2)
[hug (= birjai, pamjai); embrace (= xadjai); handshake (= xanjai, jikyxanjai), handle (= veljai, veljaitci)]
co-occurs thing which | x2 of cabna
coal source x2 of kolme
coal x1 of kolme
coal 2. kolme (kol ko'e):
x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of |/peat/anthracite/bituminous from source x2
coarse rufsu (ruf):
x1 is rough/|/uneven/[grainy/scabrous/rugged] in texture/regularity
[fine-textured (= tolrufsu)]
coast with bay x2 of zbani
coast zbani:
x2 of: x1 is a bay in/of |/shoreline x2
coat markings tirxu:
x1 is a tiger/leopard/jaguar/[tigress] of species/breed x2 with | x3
[a great cat noted/recognized by its markings, metaphorically: stripes, tiger markings]
coat material x2 of kosta
coat x1 of kosta
coat 2. kosta (kos):
x1 is a |/jacket/sweater/cloak/[cape/shawl/pullover] [extra outer garment] of material x2
cock jipci:
x1 is a chicken/[hen/|/rooster]/small fowl [a type of bird] of species/breed x2
cockroach species x2 of jalra
cockroach x1 of jalra
cockroach 2. jalra:
x1 is a |/[orthopteran/termite] of order/species/breed x2
[also grasshopper (= pi'erjalra); cricket (= snajalra); locust, termite (= mantyjalra or mudyctijalra)]; (while cockroaches are an order unto themselves, they are part of Orthoptera, which includes grasshoppers, crickets, etc; termites are a closely-related non-Orthoptera, more akin to cockroaches than to e.g. ants)
cocoa cakla:
x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of chocolate/|
code of conduct x3 of bilga
code system x3 of mifra
code x1 of mifra
code 2. x3 of mifra
code 3. in | x1 of mifra
code 4. ckiku (kik):
x1 is a key fitting/releasing/opening/unlocking lock x2, and having relevant properties x3
[also x2 fastener, mechanism; | key (= termifckiku, ckitermifra); x3 is dependent on the type of key, but are those form properties of the key that enable it to serve the function of opening the lock - in the case of a metal key to a padlock, for example, this would be the shaft and teeth]
code 5. mifra (mif):
x1 is encoded/cipher text of plain-text x2 by |/coding system x3; x1 is in |; x3 is a |
[| (= termifra)]
coding system mifra (mif):
x1 is encoded/cipher text of plain-text x2 by code/| x3; x1 is in code; x3 is a code
[code (= termifra)]
coffee bean x2 of ckafi
coffee x1 of ckafi
coffee 2. ckafi (kaf):
x1 is made of/contains/is a quantity of | from source/bean/grain x2
[brew based on a seed/bean/grain; e.g. also chicory |, decaf, postum]
cogitates pensi (pes pei):
x1 thinks/considers/|/reasons/is pensive about/reflects upon subject/concept x2
[also: x1 is thoughtful (one sense); x2 is mental (one sense)/intellectual (one sense) (= selpei)]
cohesive (of a shape/form) dirgo (dig):
x1 is a drop [small, | shape] of material [liquid/vapor] x2 in surrounding material x3
coin (money) jdini (din di'i):
x1 is money/|/currency issued by x2; (adjective:) x1 is financial/monetary/pecuniary/fiscal
['currency' sometimes is restricted to paper | (= pledi'i)]
coin value x3 of sicni
coin x1 of sicni
coin 2. issue | x2 of sicni
coin 3. sicni (si'i):
x1 is a |/token/is specie issued by x2 having value x3 of composition including x4
coitus (event of copulation), consider metaphor "(nu)-copulate" (= nungle)
coitus 2. gletu (let gle):
x1 copulates/fucks/mates/has |/sexual intercourse with x2
[x1 and x2 are symmetrical; mounts (= cpanygle)]
cold x1 of lenku
cold 2. dunra (dur):
x1 is winter/wintertime [| season] of year x2 at location x3
cold 3. lenku (lek):
x1 is |/cool by standard x2
coldness standard x2 of lenku
collar material x3 of karli
collar x1 of karli
collar 2. thing having | x2 of karli
collar 3. karli:
x1 is a |/ring/belt/band around/surrounding x2 made of material x3
[also sphincter]
collared x2 of karli
collection data | x3 of datni
collection 2. girzu (gir gri):
x1 is group/cluster/team showing common property (ka) x2 due to set x3 linked by relations x4
[also |, team, comprised of, comprising; members x3 (a specification of the complete membership) comprise group x1; cluster (= kangri)]
collector (tax |) cteki (tek ce'i):
x4 of: x1 is a tax/levy/duty on goods/services/event x2 levied against x3 by authority/| x4
[also custom, toll, tariff, tribute]
collects (non-agentive) jmaji (jaj):
x1 (mass/jo'u) gathers/| at location x2 from locations x3 (mass/jo'u)
[also focus (= seljmaji)]
college ckule (kul cu'e):
x1 is school/institute/academy/|/university at x2 teaching subject(s) x3 to audience/community x4 operated by x5
collide x1 of janli
collide 2. janli (jal):
x1 |-s with/crashes/bumps/runs into x2
(also | = simjanli for a collision between two moving objects)
collided with x2 of janli
collides janli (jal):
x1 | with/crashes/bumps/runs into x2
(also collide = simjanli for a collision between two moving objects)
colloid mixre (mix xre):
x1 (mass) is a mixture/blend/|/commingling with ingredients including x2
[x2 mingles/mixes/blends into x1; x2 is in x1, an ingredient/part/component/element of x1 (= selxre for reordered places)]
colony cecmu (cem ce'u):
x1 is a community/| of organisms x2
color (dark |) xekri (xek xe'i):
x1 is black/extremely dark-colored [| adjective]
color (perceived |) skari (ska):
x2 of: x1 is/appears to be of |/hue x2 as perceived/seen by x3 under conditions x4
[conditions may include lighting, background, etc.]
color (| of ink) xinmo (xim):
x2 of: x1 is a quantity of ink of |/pigment x2 used by writing device x3
color conditions x4 of skari
color of x2 of skari
color ink | x2 of xinmo
color 2. perceive | x3 of skari
color 3. xekri (xek xe'i):
x1 is black/extremely dark-colored [| adjective]
color 4. blanu (bla):
x1 is blue [| adjective]
color 5. bunre (bur bu'e):
x1 is brown/tan [| adjective]
color 6. cicna:
x1 is cyan/turquoise/greenish-blue [| adjective]
color 7. nukselcinta:
x1 is fuchsin/a dye of magenta/fuchsia/purplish-red |
color 8. grusi (rus):
x1 is gray [| adjective]
color 9. crino (ri'o):
x1 is green/verdant [| adjective]
color 10. nukni (nuk):
x1 is magenta/fuchsia/purplish-red [| adjective]
color 11. narju (naj):
x1 is orange [| adjective]
color 12. zirpu (zir zi'u):
x1 is purple/violet [| adjective]
color 13. xunre (xun xu'e):
x1 is red/crimson/ruddy [| adjective]
color 14. blabi (lab):
x1 is white/very-light colored [| adjective]
[pale forms of other colors are a compound of white; e.g. pink (= labyxu'e, xunblabi) (whereas kandi is used for pale = dimness, lack of intensity)]
color 15. pelxu (pel):
x1 is yellow/golden [| adjective]
colored x1 of skari
colors (bright |) carmi (cam cai):
x1 is intense/bright/saturated/brilliant in property (ka) x2 as received/measured by observer x3
[also lustrous, gleaming, sparkling, shining (all probably better metaphorically combined with gusni: gusycai or camgu'i); in |, refers principally to increased saturation (with opposite kandi)]
colors (light |) blabi (lab):
x1 is white/very-light colored [color adjective]
[pale forms of other | are a compound of white; e.g. pink (= labyxu'e, xunblabi) (whereas kandi is used for pale = dimness, lack of intensity)]
colors (pale |) kandi (kad):
x1 is dim/dull/pale/non-intense in property x2 (ka) as received/measured by observer x3
[in |, indicates unsaturated, pastel, pale (though blabi can also indicate a kind of paleness)]
colt xirma (xir xi'a):
x1 is a horse/equine/[|/mare/stallion/pony] of species/breed x2
[(adjective:) x1 is equine/equestrian]
column material x2 of kamju
column x1 of kamju
column 2. kamju:
x1 is a |/pillar of material x2
[spine (= bo'urkamju), vertebra (= kamjybo'u)]
comb material x2 of komcu
comb tooth x3 of komcu
comb x1 of komcu
comb 2. komcu (kom):
x1 is a | [many-needled shape] of material x2 with tines/needles x3
combat damba (dab da'a):
x1 fights/|-s/struggles with x2 over issue x3 (abstract); x1 is a fighter/|-ant
[use x3 tu'a for fight over an object/objective]
combatant damba (dab da'a):
x1 fights/combats/struggles with x2 over issue x3 (abstract); x1 is a fighter/|
[use x3 tu'a for fight over an object/objective]
combats damba (dab da'a):
x1 fights/|/struggles with x2 over issue x3 (abstract); x1 is a fighter/combatant
[use x3 tu'a for fight over an object/objective]
combines (agentive) jmina (min):
x1 adds/| x2 to/with x3, with result x4; x1 (agent) augments x2 by amount x3
combining-form rafsi (raf):
x1 is an affix/suffix/prefix/| for word/concept x2, form/properties x3, language x4
combustion (supporting | kijno (kij):
of oxygen), x1 is a quantity of/contains/is made of oxygen (O); [metaphor: supporting life/|]
combustion temperature x2 of jelca
combusts spoja (poj po'a):
x1 bursts/explodes/violently breaks up/decomposes/| into pieces/energy/fragments x2
come x1 of klama
come 2. balvi (bav):
x1 is in the future of/later than/after x2 in time sequence; x1 is latter; x2 is former
[also sequel, succeed, successor, follow, |(s) after; time ordering only (use lidne otherwise); aorist in that x1 may overlap in time with x2 as long as it extends afterwards; non-aorist future (= cfabalvi)]
come 3. klama (kla):
x1 |-s/goes to destination x2 from origin x3 via route x4 using means/vehicle x5
[also travels, journeys, moves, leaves to ... from ...; x1 is a traveller; (x4 as a set includes points at least sufficient to constrain the route relevantly)]
comedian xajmi (xam):
x1 is funny/comical to x2 in property/aspect x3 (nu/ka); x3 is what is funny about x1 to x2
[also: x1 is a | (= xampre, xamseljibri for a professional |)]; (x1 can be a person/object or an abstraction; be careful about possible sumti-raising)
comely melbi (mel mle):
x1 is beautiful/pleasant to x2 in aspect x3 (ka) by aesthetic standard x4
[also handsome, pretty, gorgeous, cute, |, graceful]
comes klama (kla):
x1 |/goes to destination x2 from origin x3 via route x4 using means/vehicle x5
[also travels, journeys, moves, leaves to ... from ...; x1 is a traveller; (x4 as a set includes points at least sufficient to constrain the route relevantly)]
comeuppance jerna:
x1 (agent/person) earns/[deserves/merits] wages/salary/pay x2 for work/service x3 (activity)
[also x2 reward (= zanseljerna or nemjerna), punishment/| (= sfaseljerna, malseljerna); x3 behavior; job (= terjerna); x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erjerna, po'erseljerna for unambiguous semantics)]
comfort (feels |) kufra (kuf):
x1 feels |/is comfortable with conditions/environmental property(ies) x2
comfort (that which causes |) kufra (kuf):
x2 of: x1 feels comfort/is comfortable with conditions/environmental property(ies) x2; x2 is a | to x1
comfort x1 of kufra
comfort 2. x2 of kufra
comfortable x1 of kufra
comfortable 2. make | x2 of kufra
comfortable 3. kufra (kuf):
x1 feels comfort/is | with conditions/environmental property(ies) x2
comic xajmi (xam):
x1 is funny/|-al to x2 in property/aspect x3 (nu/ka); x3 is what is funny about x1 to x2
[also: x1 is a comedian/| (= xampre, xamseljibri for a professional comedian/|)]; (x1 can be a person/object or an abstraction; be careful about possible sumti-raising)
comical xajmi (xam):
x1 is funny/| to x2 in property/aspect x3 (nu/ka); x3 is what is funny about x1 to x2
[also: x1 is a comedian (= xampre, xamseljibri for a professional comedian)]; (x1 can be a person/object or an abstraction; be careful about possible sumti-raising)
command (something obeyed) tinbe (tib):
x1 obeys/follows the |/rule x2 made by x3; (adjective:) x1 is obedient
command x1 of minde
command 2. minde (mid mi'e):
x1 issues |-s/orders to x2 for result x3 (event/state) to happen; x3 is |-ed to occur
[also: x1 orders/sets/[triggers] x2 to do/bring about x3; x1 is a |-er; |-ed (= termi'e)]
commanded (a result that is ordered) minde (mid mi'e):
x3 of: x1 issues commands/orders to x2 for result x3 (event/state) to happen; x3 is | to occur
[also: x1 orders/sets/[triggers] x2 to do/bring about x3; x1 is a commander; | (= termi'e)]
commanded (receives a command/order) minde (mid mi'e):
x2 of: x1 issues commands/orders to | x2 for result x3 (event/state) to happen; x3 is commanded to occur
[also: x1 orders/sets/[triggers] x2 to do/bring about x3; x1 is a commander; | (= termi'e)]
commanded x2 of minde
commanded 2. result | x3 of minde
commander (issuer of commands) minde (mid mi'e):
x1 issues commands/orders to x2 for result x3 (event/state) to happen; x3 is commanded to occur
[also: x1 orders/sets/[triggers] x2 to do/bring about x3; x1 is a |; commanded (= termi'e)]
commander (person in-charge) jatna (ja'a):
x1 is captain/|/leader/in-charge of vehicle/domain x2
commander obeyed x3 of tinbe
commands minde (mid mi'e):
x1 issues |/orders to x2 for result x3 (event/state) to happen; x3 is commanded to occur
[also: x1 orders/sets/[triggers] x2 to do/bring about x3; x1 is a commander; commanded (= termi'e)]
commences cfari (cfa):
x1 [state/event/process] |/initiates/starts/begins to occur; (intransitive verb)
commended x2 of zabna
comment subject x2 of pinka
comment x1 of pinka
comment 2. x3 of pinka
comment 3. make | x3 of pinka
comment 4. pinka (pik):
x1 (text) is a |/remark/observation about subject x2 expressed by x3 to audience x4
[also: x3 comments/remarks/says x1 about x2 (= terselpinka for reordered places)]
commentary x1 of pinka
commented on x2 of pinka
commented to x4 of pinka
comments (makes remarks) pinka (pik):
x3 of: x1 (text) is a comment/remark/observation about subject x2 expressed by x3 to audience x4
[also: x3 |/remarks/says x1 about x2 (= terselpinka for reordered places)]
commercial canja (caj):
x1, x2 or x4 of: x1 exchanges/trades/barters commodity/service x2 for x3 with x4; x1, x4 is a trader/merchant/businessman
[also (adjective:) x1, x2, x4 is/are | (better expressed as ka canja, kamcanja)]; x2/x3 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'ercanja for unambiguous semantics)
commingling mixre (mix xre):
x1 (mass) is a mixture/blend/colloid/| with ingredients including x2
[x2 mingles/mixes/blends into x1; x2 is in x1, an ingredient/part/component/element of x1 (= selxre for reordered places)]
commits (promises) nupre (nup nu'e):
x1 (agent) promises/|/assures/threatens x2 (event/state) to x3 [beneficiary/victim]
commits aggression gunta (gut):
x1 (person/mass) attacks/invades/| upon victim x2 with goal/objective x3
commits see "does"/"do", "acts"/"act"
committee (steering |) turni (tru):
x1 governs/rules/is ruler/governor/sovereign/reigns over people/territory/domain/subjects x2
[x2 need not be complete specification of set of governed; reign/rule (= noltru); king/queen/sovereign (= nolraitru); pure democracy (= roltrusi'o), representative democracy (= rolka'itrusi'o), viceroy (= ka'itru), pure communism (= guntrusi'o), board of directors/trustees, steering | (= trukamni); government (= trugunma, trugri (emphasizing the components), truci'e (emphasizing the organization))]
committee purpose x2 of kamni
committee x1 of kamni
committee 2. charter of a | x2 of kamni
committee 3. thing having | x3 of kamni
committee 4. kamni:
x1 (mass) is a | with task/purpose x2 of body x3
[board of directors/trustees (= trukamni, gritrukamni)]
committing aggression (an event of aggression) gunta (gut):
x1 is an aggression, an event of x2 (person/mass) attacking/invading/| upon victim x3 with goal/objective x4
commodity (something sold) vecnu (ven ve'u):
x2 of: x1 [seller] sells/vends x2 [goods/service/|] to buyer/purchaser x3 for amount/cost/expense x4
[x1 is a salesperson/salesman/vendor; x3 buys/purchases x2 from x1 (= terve'u for reordered terms); x4 is the price of x2 to x3 (= velve'u for reordered terms); for sale (= fitselve'u, selvenfriti); x2 may be a specific object, a | (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for object/|, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/| (= po'erve'u, po'erselve'u for unambiguous semantics)]
commodity (something traded) canja (caj):
x2 or x3 of: x1 exchanges/trades/barters |/service x2 for x3 with x4; x1, x4 is a trader/merchant/businessman
[also (adjective:) x1, x2, x4 is/are commercial (better expressed as ka canja, kamcanja)]; x2/x3 may be a specific object, a | (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for object/|, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/| (= po'ercanja for unambiguous semantics)
commodity (| with a price) jdima (di'a):
x1 [amount] is the price of x2 to purchaser/consumer x3 set by vendor/offeror x4
[x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/|, this is sumti-raising from transfer of ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erdi'a, po'erseldi'a for unambiguous semantics); price is something decided/set by the seller, and is closely akin to offer (friti), which is what a buyer may decide; (note that price is not the same thing as cost/expense, which is the actual amount exchanged in a transaction; the latter is vecnu or canja; neither is the same as "value" or vamji; in colloquial English, these are sometimes interchanged, at least partially because of the rarity of barter and bargaining in the marketplace)]
commodity of trade x2 of canja
commodity of trade 2. x3 of canja
commodity nunve'u:
x1 is an event of x2 [seller] selling/vending x3 [goods/service/commodity] to buyer x4 for amount/cost/expense x5
[x2 is a salesperson/salesman/vendor; x4 buys x3 from x2; x5 is the price of x3 to x4
common (instantiated/exemplified | property) mupli (mup):
x2 of: x1 is an example/sample/specimen/instance/case/illustration of | property(s) x2 of set x3
common (ordinary) fadni (fad):
x1 [member] is ordinary/|/typical/usual in property x2 (ka) among members of x3 (set)
[also: x2 is a normal/|/ordinary/typical property among set x3 (= selterfadni for reordered places); also regular, (mabla forms:) banal, trite, vulgar; (x3 is complete set)]
common (property | to a group) girzu (gir gri):
x1 is group/cluster/team showing | property (ka) x2 due to set x3 linked by relations x4
[also collection, team, comprised of, comprising; members x3 (a specification of the complete membership) comprise group x1; cluster (= kangri)]
common (property |/universal to a set) kampu (kau):
x1 (property - ka) is |/general/universal among members of set x2 (complete set)
common (very ignoble) tolno'i:
x1 is |/low/vulgar in/under culture/society/standard x2
[also lower-class; high/low, upper/low-er are poor Lojban metaphors]
common (vulgar/ignoble) nalno'i:
x1 is |/low/vulgar in/under culture/society/standard x2
[also lower-class; high/low, upper/low-er are poor Lojban metaphors]
common (| locus jorne (jon jo'e):
juncture), x3 of: x1 is joined to/connects to/is united with x2 at | locus x3; x1 and x2 are a union
[also joined/fastened/attached by joint x3/by means of x3/with fastener x3; fastener (= jo'etci, jonvelyla'a); train, sequence of joined objects (= jonpoi; porjo'e for a single object joined into a sequence)]
common property set with | x2 of kampu
common x1 of kampu
commoner nalnolpre:
x1 is a |/non-elite/low-born/untitled/vulgar in/under culture/society/standard x2
[also lower-class; high/low, upper/low-er are poor Lojban metaphors]
commonly cafne (caf):
x1 (event) often/frequently/|/customarily occurs/recurs by standard x2
communicate (use of a language) bangu (ban bau):
x1 is a/the language/dialect used by x2 to express/| x3 (si'o/du'u, not quote)
[also tongue]
communication (| system with node/station) tcana:
x2 of: x1 is a station/node of/in/on transport/|/distribution system/network x2
[x2 may be represented by massed vehicles of system]
communism turni (tru):
x1 governs/rules/is ruler/governor/sovereign/reigns over people/territory/domain/subjects x2
[x2 need not be complete specification of set of governed; reign/rule (= noltru); king/queen/sovereign (= nolraitru); pure democracy (= roltrusi'o), representative democracy (= rolka'itrusi'o), viceroy (= ka'itru), pure | (= guntrusi'o), board of directors/trustees, steering committee (= trukamni); government (= trugunma, trugri (emphasizing the components), truci'e (emphasizing the organization))]
community (mass of organisms) cecmu (cem ce'u):
x1 is a |/colony of organisms x2
community (| ashamed before) ckeji (kej cke):
x2 of: x1 feels ashamed/mortified/humiliated under conditions x2 before |/audience x3
community (| establishing ritual) ritli (ri'i):
x3 of: x1 is a rite/ceremony/ritual for purpose/goal x2, by custom/in | x3, with form/rules x4
[also: x1 is formal, [legal]; x1 is 'going through the motions']; x4 constraints/customs
community (| governed by law) flalu (fla):
x3 of: x1 is a law specifying x2 (state/event) for | x3 under conditions x4 by lawgiver(s) x5
[x1 is a legality; x2 is legal/licit/legalized/a legality (= selfla for reordered places)]
community (| governed by rule javni (jva):
x3 of: x1 is a rule prescribing/mandating/requiring x2 (event/state) within system/| x3
[regulation, prescription (also x2), principle, requirement (also x2), prescribe, require (conditions are usually contained within x2); x1 is regulatory; x2, x3 are regulated]
community (| managing park) panka:
x2 of: x1 is a park/land reserve managed by |/polity/company x2 for purpose x3
community (| privy to public resource) gubni (gub):
x1 is public/un-hidden/open/jointly available to/owned by all among | x2 (mass)
community (| recognizing celebrity/fame) misno (mis mi'o):
x2 of: x1 (person/object/event) is famous/renowned/is a celebrity among | of persons x2 (mass)
[also celebrated/well-known; (derogative meanings:) notorious/infamous (= malmi'o; these could also be expressed using the referenced words)]
community (| served by army) jenmi (jem jei):
x2 of: x1 (mass) is an army serving group/| x2 (mass) in function x3 (activity)
community (| tending garden/field) purdi (pud):
x2 of: x1 is a garden/tended/cultivated field of family/|/farmer x2 growing plants/crop x3
[orchard (= ricpurdi)]
community with law x3 of flalu
community with rite x3 of ritli
community x1 of cecmu
community 2. language | x2 of bangu
community 3. religious | x2 of cevni
community 4. those who live in | x2 of cecmu
companion kansa (kan):
x1 is with/accompanies/is a | of x2, in state/condition/enterprise x3 (event/state)
[x1 is together with/along with x2]
company purpose x3 of kagni
company x1 of kagni
company 2. authorize | x2 of kagni
company 3. kagni (kag):
x1 is a |/corporation/firm/partnership chartered by authority x2 for purpose x3
[also enterprise/organization (if chartered)]
compare x1 of karbi
compare 2. karbi (kab):
x1 [observer] |-s x2 with x3 in property x4 (ka), determining |-ison x5 (state)
compared with x3 of karbi
compared x2 of karbi
compared 2. property | x4 of karbi
compares (observer who |) karbi (kab):
x1 [observer] | x2 with x3 in property x4 (ka), determining comparison x5 (state)
comparison (order of | for sequence) porsi (por poi):
x2 of: x1 [ordered set] is sequenced/ordered/listed by |/rules x2 on unordered set x3
[also (adjective:) x1 is serial]; (sets are completely specified)
comparison (result of comparing) karbi (kab):
x5 of: x1 [observer] compares x2 with x3 in property x4 (ka), determining | x5 (state)
comparison x5 of karbi
compartment (sliding |) dacru (dac):
x1 is a drawer/file in structure x2, a [sliding |] container for contents x3
compatible mapti (mat):
x1 fits/matches/suits/is |/appropriate/corresponds to/with x2 in property/aspect x3
compel bapli (bap bai):
x1 [force] (ka) forces/|-s event x2 to occur; x1 determines property x2 to manifest
[also constrains; requires success, unlike the physics term (better expressed by danre)]
compelled thing x2 of bapli
compeller x1 of bapli
compels bapli (bap bai):
x1 [force] (ka) forces/| event x2 to occur; x1 determines property x2 to manifest
[also constrains; requires success, unlike the physics term (better expressed by danre)]
compensates pleji (lej le'i):
x1 pays/|/remunerates/[rewards] payment x2 to recipient/payee x3 for goods/services x4
[also x4 commodities; x4 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= posle'i, po'ervelyle'i for unambiguous semantics); rent (= jerle'i, le'irjbera)]
compete x1 of jivna
compete 2. jivna (jvi):
x1 |-s/vies with opponent x2 in contest/|-ition x3 (event) for gain x4; x1 rivals x2
[also x2 opponent(s), |-itor(s), rival(s); x3 |-ition, race; x4 prize, reward, recognition (gain may be internal or external)]
competent certu (cre):
x1 is an expert/pro/has prowess in/is skilled at x2 (event/activity) by standard x3
[also |, skilled]
competes jivna (jvi):
x1 |/vies with opponent x2 in contest/competition x3 (event) for gain x4; x1 rivals x2
[also x2 opponent(s), competitor(s), rival(s); x3 competition, race; x4 prize, reward, recognition (gain may be internal or external)]
competition (contest) jivna (jvi):
x3 of: x1 competes/vies with opponent x2 in contest/| x3 (event) for gain x4; x1 rivals x2
[also x2 opponent(s), competitor(s), rival(s); x3 |, race; x4 prize, reward, recognition (gain may be internal or external)]
competition (| won) jinga (jig ji'a):
x4 of: x1 (person/team) wins/gains prize x2 from/over x3 [competitors/losers] in | x4
[also: x1 is a victor; x2 reward; x3 competitors here are opponents and in many situations, defeated/losers, vs. the set of those competing for a goal; x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erji'a, po'erselji'a for unambiguous semantics)];
competition goal x4 of jivna
competition won x4 of jinga
competition x3 of jivna
competition 2. beaten in | x3 of jinga
competitively (play |) kelci (kel kei):
x1 [agent] plays with plaything/toy x2
[play game (= ci'erkei), play | (= jvikei)]
competitor (those who compete) jivna (jvi):
x1 and x2 of: x1 competes/vies with opponent x2 in contest/competition x3 (event) for gain x4; x1 rivals x2
[also x2 opponent(s), |(s), rival(s); x3 competition, race; x4 prize, reward, recognition (gain may be internal or external)]
competitor x3 of jinga
competitor 2. losing | x3 of jinga
competitors (| who lose) jinga (jig ji'a):
x3 of: x1 (person/team) wins/gains prize x2 from/over x3 [|/losers] in competition x4
[also: x1 is a victor; x2 reward; x3 | here are opponents and in many situations, defeated/losers, vs. the set of those competing for a goal; x2 may be a specific object, a commodity (mass), an event, or a property; pedantically, for objects/commodities, this is sumti-raising from ownership of the object/commodity (= po'erji'a, po'erselji'a for unambiguous semantics)];
complain x1 of pante
complains pante (pat):
x1 protests/objects to/| about x2 (event/state) to audience x3 with action x4
(x4 is an event or tu'a quotation)
complaint x4 of pante
complement x1 of sarxe
complemented x2 of mapti
complemented 2. x2 of sarxe
complete (finished) mulno (mul mu'o):
x1 (event) is |/done/finished; x1 (object) has become whole in property x2 by standard x3
[also perfected, entirety; (adverb/adjective:) entire, total, integral, fully, totally, wholly,
