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<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=22 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="041000d2egerdp.gif"> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=145 BGCOLOR="#333399" TEXT="#080000" background="040a2c00erkjzj.gif"> <div> <A HREF="http://humanmind.homestead.com" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://humanmind.homestead.com"><U> <img src="HTMLobj-405/aniGif.gif" border="0" align="bottom" width="370" height="370">  </U></A></div> </td> <td valign="top" height=458 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000"> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#336600" FACE="Times New Roman" ><I>NEUROPATHOLOGY</I></FONT><FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#663399" FACE="Times New Roman" >    </FONT> |    <B> </B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#0000BF" FACE="Times New Roman" ><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="NEUROPATHOLOGY"><U><B>home</B></U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id18.htm" TARGET="_top" 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news"><U>info and news</U></A></div> <div> <IMG SRC="04207040.gif" border=0 width="263" height="4" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></div> <div> <B>quiz</B></div> <div> <B>CHOOSE THE </B><B><U>ONE BEST</U></B><B> ANSWER</B> </div> <bR> <div> Common features of primary sensory areas in the cerebral cortex include all of the following EXCEPT: </div> <div> a/boundaries that coincide with cytoarchitecture. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">b/topologic organization. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">c/absence from the frontal lobe. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">d/undistorted representations of the sensory environment. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">e/ reciprocal connections with specific thalmic relay nuclei. </div> <div> All of the following statements about neurons within a functional cortical column are correct EXCEPT they: </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">have similar or closely related receptive field properties. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">process information from the same part of the sensory world. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">have a similar morphology. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">prefentially synapse on neurons lying in vertical register of each other. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">may be located in any cortical layer. </div> <div> Hemisection of the spinal cord on the <U>right</U> side at the T12 level would be associated with all of the following EXCEPT: </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">loss of position sense on the right leg. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">normal vibration sense on the left leg. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">loss of pain sensibility on the right leg. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">loss of temperature sense on the left leg. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">paralysis of the right leg. </div> <div> Studies of the molecular composition of GABAA receptors indicate that: </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">All GABA receptors have the same subunit composition. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs are distributed evenly throughout the brain. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Native GABAA receptors are typically comprised of alpha, beta, and epsilon subunits. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Therapeutic efficacy of different benzodiazepines is determined by selective actions on specific subunit types. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">The epsilon subunit is not required for benzodiazepine action. </div> <div> The post-central gyrus receives direct input from which thalamic nucleus? </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Anterior </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Medial dorsal </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Lateral dorsal </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Ventral posterior </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Medial geniculate </div> <bR> <div> <B>DIRECTIONS: For each of the questions or incomplete statements below, one or more answers or completions are correct. Select:</B> </div> <div> - if only <U>1, 2 and 3</U> are correct. </div> <div> - if only <U>1 and 3</U> are correct. </div> <div> - if only <U>2 and 4</U> are correct. </div> <div> - if only <U>4</U> is correct. </div> <div> - if <U>all</U> are correct. </div> <bR> <div> Occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery in a right-handed individual might produce: </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">motor deficits on the right side of the body. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">speech and language difficulties. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">somatosensory deficits on the right side of the body. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">both motor and sensory deficits on the left side of the body. </div> <div> Activation of NMDA receptors: </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">can be blocked by extracellular Mg++. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">can lead to neuronal cell death. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">depends upon the cell's membrane potential. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">is necessary for long-term potentiation. </div> <bR> <div> <B>CHOOSE THE </B><B><U>ONE BEST</U></B><B> ANSWER</B> </div> <bR> <div> <B>Questions 8 through 10 refer to the following case:</B> </div> <div> A 72 year old Shadyside matron with a history of chronic hypertension complained of being unable to comb her hair or feed herself, activities she normally performed with her right hand. She noticed also that her right leg felt rather weak and her right fo ot was numb and tended to drag as she walked. </div> <div> Neurological examination revealed moderate weakness of the upper and lower extremities on the right; weakness of the right side of the face below the eye only; diminished perception of painful as well as discriminative sensibilities on the whole right sid e of the body. </div> <div> Paresis of the lower face only, can best be explained by the fact(s) that: </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">the facial nerve innervates the forehead bilaterally. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">only the maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve were involved. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">the lateral-most portion of the precentral gyrus was spared. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">part of the facial motor nucleus receives bilateral cortical input. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">none of the above. </div> <div> The woman also noted her speech was less distinct than normal. This is most likely due to: </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">destruction of the left inferior frontal gyrus. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">damage to the left trigeminal motor nucleus. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">destruction of the hypoglossal nucleus on the right. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">destruction of nucleus ambiguus on the right. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">A and C. </div> <div> The positive and negative signs in this case could be explained by infarction of the territory supplied by which vessel? </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Left lenticulo-striate. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Right middle cerebral. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Left anterior spinal. </div> <div> Left anterior cerebral. </div> <div> <IMG SRC="07218180.gif" border=0 width="24" height="24" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Left paramedian and circumferential branches of basilar. </div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>